<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462023000500288</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/bmhim.23000030</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Diagnosis of urinary tract infection in infants under 3 months with fever without a source: reliability of urinalysis and urine culture]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diagnóstico de infección del tracto urinario en lactantes menores de 3 meses con fiebre sin foco identificado: fiabilidad del análisis de orina y urocultivo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez-Espinola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Benigno M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallardo-Aravena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emilio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Clínico Roberto del Rio CR Pediatría y Unidad de Emergencia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>288</fpage>
<lpage>295</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462023000500288&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462023000500288&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462023000500288&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is infants´ most common serious bacterial infection. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of urianalysis (UA) to predict UTI, to specify the colony forming units (CFU)/ml threshold for diagnosis, and to identify variables that help suspect bacteremia in infants under 3 months with UTI.  Methods: We reviewed clinical records of children under 3 months hospitalized for a fever without source and recorded age, sex, days of fever pre-consultation, temperature and severity at admission, discharge diagnoses, laboratory tests, and treatments. According to the discharge diagnosis, we divided them into UTIs (-) and (+) with or without bacteremia.  Results: A total of 467 infants were admitted: 334 with UTI and 133 without UTI. In UTIs (+), the pyuria had a sensitivity of 95.8% and bacteria (+) 88.3%; specificity was high, especially for nitrites (96.2%) and bacteria (+) (92.5%). Positive predictive value (PPV) for nitrites was 95.9%, for bacteria 96.7%, and oyuria 92.5%. Escherichia coli was present in 83.8% of urine and 87% of blood cultures. UTIs with bacteremia had inflammatory urinalysis, urine culture &gt; 100,000 CFU/ml, and higher percentage of C reactive protein (CRP) &gt; 50 mg (p= 0.002); 94.6% of the urine culture had &gt; 50,000 CFU.  Conclusions: The pyuria and bacteria (+) in urine obtained by catheterization predict UTI. The cut-off point for diagnosis was &#8805; 50,000 CFU/ml. No variables to suspect bacteremia were identified in this study.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La infección del tracto urinario (ITU) es una infección bacteriana grave frecuente en lactantes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar la fiabilidad del análisis de orina (AO) para predecirla, precisar el umbral de unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC)/ml para el diagnóstico y buscar variables que ayuden a sospechar de bacteriemia en lactantes menores de 3 meses con ITU.  Métodos: Se revisaron fichas clínicas de lactantes menores de 3 meses hospitalizados por fiebre sin foco evidente, registrando edad, sexo, días de fiebre preconsulta, temperatura y gravedad al ingreso, diagnósticos de egreso, exámenes de laboratorio y tratamientos. Según diagnóstico de egreso, se separaron en ITU (-) y (+), con o sin bacteriemia.  Resultados: Ingresaron 467 lactantes: 334 con ITU y 133 sin ITU. En ITU (+), la sensibilidad de la piuria fue de 95.8% y bacterias (+) 88.3%; la especificidad fue alta para nitritos (96.2%) y bacterias (+) (92.5%). El valor predictivo positivo (VPP) fue de 95.9% para nitritos, 96.7% para bacterias y 92.5% para piuria. Escherichia coli se encontró en el 83.8% de los urocultivos (UC) (+) y en el 87% de los hemocultivos (+). Las ITU con bacteriemia presentaron elementos inflamatorios, UC con &#8805; 100,000 UFC/ml y mayor porcentaje de proteína C reactiva (PCR) &gt; 50 mg/l (p= 0.002); el 94.6% de los UC (+) tuvo &#8805; 50,000 UFC/ml.  Conclusiones: La piuria y bacterias (+) en el AO son excelentes para pronosticar ITU en orina obtenida con sonda vesical y el punto de corte para el diagnóstico debe ser &#8805; 50,000 UFC/ml. No encontramos señales que ayudaran a sospechar ITU con bacteriemia.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Urinary tract infection in infants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fever]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Severe bacterial infection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Febrile infants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infección urinaria en lactantes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fiebre]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infección bacteriana grave]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lactantes febriles]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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