<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462021000600515</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/bmhim.20000231</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Antibiotherapy at birth in very low birth weight infants before and after the use of interleukin 6 as an infectious biomarker in a tertiary level unit]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Antibioterapia al nacimiento en recién nacidos de muy bajo peso antes y después del uso de interleucina 6 como marcador de infección en una unidad de nivel III]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lareu-Vidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sonia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solís-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gonzalo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caunedo-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín-Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Colomer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Belén]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias Servicio de Neonatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Gijón ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital de Cabueñes Servicio de Neonatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Gijón ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>515</fpage>
<lpage>523</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462021000600515&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462021000600515&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462021000600515&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: Neonatal sepsis is a condition with high mortality and morbidity that contributes to high rates of antibiotic therapy at birth. In addition, very low birth weight newborns (VLBWN) are particularly vulnerable. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) seems to be an early and effective marker that could help a better selection of patients to be treated. This study aimed to evaluate the use of antibiotics in the first 72 hours of life in VLBW infants before and after using IL-6 as an infection marker. Also, we wanted to analyze the differences in morbidity and mortality during admission and other factors associated with the decision to start antibiotic treatment.  Methods: We conducted a cohort retrospective study. We included VLBWN born in our hospital or admitted before 72 hours of life in two two-year periods (2007-2008 and 2011-2012).  Results: Antibiotics use during the first 72 hours of life was analyzed as the primary variable, which was reduced by 20% on the second period (p = 0.002). Regarding the analysis of secondary variables, we found no significant differences in mortality during hospital admission and the incidence of nosocomial sepsis, enterocolitis, or invasive fungal infection. The multivariate analysis indicated extreme prematurity and the study group as the most strongly related factors to the start of antibiotic therapy.  Conclusions: IL-6 was a useful marker of infection to reduce the use of antibiotic therapy in VLBW infants without increasing mortality.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: La sepsis neonatal es una patología con altas mortalidad y morbilidad, lo cual contribuye a las altas tasas de antibioticoterapia al nacimiento. Los recién nacidos de muy bajo peso (RNMBP) son especialmente vulnerables. La interleucina 6 (IL-6) parece ser un marcador precoz y eficaz que podría ayudar a una mejor selección de los pacientes. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el uso de antibióticos en las primeras 72 horas de vida en los RNMBP antes y después de utilizar IL-6 como marcador de infección; en segundo lugar, analizar las diferencias en la morbilidad y la mortalidad durante el ingreso, y estudiar la presencia de otros factores asociados con la decisión de iniciar un tratamiento antibiótico.  Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de cohortes en el que se incluyeron los RNMBP nacidos en nuestro hospital o admitidos antes de las 72 horas de vida en dos periodos de 2 años (2007-2008 y 2011-2012).  Resultados: Como variable principal se analizó el uso de antibióticos en las primeras 72 horas de vida, que se redujo casi un 20% en el segundo periodo (p = 0.002). En cuanto a las variables secundarias, no se detectaron diferencias significativas en la mortalidad durante el ingreso ni en la incidencia de sepsis nosocomial, enterocolitis o infección fúngica invasiva. El análisis multivariado señaló la extrema prematuridad y el grupo de estudio como los factores más estrechamente relacionados con el inicio de la antibioticoterapia.  Conclusiones: La IL-6 fue un marcador de infección útil para reducir el uso de antibioticoterapia al nacimiento en los RNMBP, sin aumentar la mortalidad.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Interleukin 6]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neonatal sepsis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antibiotics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Very low-birth weight newborns]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Interleucina 6]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sepsis neonatal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Recién nacido de muy bajo peso]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hornik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fort]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benjamin Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Early and late onset sepsis in very-low-birth-weight infants from a large group of neonatal intensive care units]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Early Hum Dev]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>Suppl 2</numero>
<issue>Suppl 2</issue>
<page-range>S69-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Sastre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coto Cotallo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Colomer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<collab>Grupo de Hospitales Castrillo</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neonatal sepsis of vertical transmission:an epidemiological study from the &#8220;Grupo de Hospitales Castrillo&#8221;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Perinat Med]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>309-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schrag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reingold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pondo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology of invasive early-onset neonatal sepsis, 2005 to 2014]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>138</volume>
<page-range>e20162013</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burdet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominguez Rubio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibarra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inflammation, infection and preterm birth]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Pharm Des]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>4741-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Su]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intrauterine inflammation, infection, or both (Triple I):a new concept for chorioamnionitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Neonatol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<page-range>231-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puopolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaoutis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<collab>Committee on Fetus and Newborn, Committee on Infectious Diseases</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management of neonates born at &#8804;34 6/7 weeks'gestation with suspected or proven early-onset bacterial sepsis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>142</volume>
<page-range>e20182896</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puopolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Draper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zupancic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lieberman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimating the probability of neonatal early-onset infection on the basis of maternal risk factors]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>128</volume>
<page-range>e1155-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puopolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mukhopadhyay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cotten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stoll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identification of extremely premature infants at low risk for early-onset sepsis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>140</volume>
<page-range>e20170925</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adjunct laboratory tests in the diagnosis of early-onset neonatal sepsis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Perinatol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>421-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mussap]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Laboratory medicine in neonatal sepsis and inflammation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>Suppl 4</numero>
<issue>Suppl 4</issue>
<page-range>32-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cordero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Duration of empiric antibiotics for suspected early-onset sepsis in extremely low birth weight infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>662-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reagan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slaughter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buhimschi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buhimschi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patterns of empiric antibiotic administration for presumed early-onset neonatal sepsis in neonatal intensive care units in the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Perinatol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>640-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flannery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ross]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mukhopadhyay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tribble]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puopolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Temporal trends and center variation in early antibiotic use among premature infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Netw Open]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>e180164</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zwittink]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Renes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Lingen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Zoeren-Grobben]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Konstanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Norbruis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association between duration of intravenous antibiotic administration and early-life microbiota development in late-preterm infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>475-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zwittink]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Zoeren-Grobben]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Renes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Lingen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Norbruis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dynamics of the bacterial gut microbiota in preterm and term infants after intravenous amoxicillin/ceftazidime treatment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>195</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vangay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ward]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knights]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antibiotics, pediatric dysbiosis, and disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cell Host Microbe]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>553-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flannery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dysart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenspan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aghai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ZH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association between early antibiotic exposure and bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Perinatol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>1227-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cotten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stoll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prolonged duration of initial empirical antibiotic treatment is associated with increased rates of necrotizing enterocolitis and death for extremely low birth weight infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>123</volume>
<page-range>58-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuppala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meinzen-Derr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morrow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schibler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prolonged initial empirical antibiotic treatment is associated with adverse outcomes in premature infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>159</volume>
<page-range>720-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boskabadi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maamouri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tavakol Afshari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mafinejad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hosseini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mostafavi-Toroghi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of serum interleukins-6, 8 and 10 levels as diagnostic markers of neonatal infection and possibility of mortality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Iran J Basic Med Sci]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>1232-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RPO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WCW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[IP-10 is an early diagnostic marker for identification of late-onset bacterial infection in preterm infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Res]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<page-range>93-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pavcnik-Arnol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hojker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Derganc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, lipopolysaccharide, and soluble CD14 in sepsis of critically ill neonates and children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Intensive Care Med]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>1025-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Küster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weiss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Willeitner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Detlefsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeremias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zbojan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and interleukin-6 for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis 2 days before clinical manifestation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lancet]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>352</volume>
<page-range>1271-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heinrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Behrmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hermanns]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Müller-Newen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schaper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Principles of interleukin (IL)-6-type cytokine signalling and its regulation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biochem J]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>374</volume>
<numero>Pt 1</numero>
<issue>Pt 1</issue>
<page-range>1-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A meta-analysis of interleukin-6 as a valid and accurate index in diagnosing early neonatal sepsis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int Wound J]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>527-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ebenebe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CU]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hesse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blohm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kunzmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnostic accuracy of interleukin-6 for early-onset sepsis in preterm neonates]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>253-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Du]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[[Diagnostic value of interleukin 6 for neonatal sepsis:a Meta analysis]]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>1176-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shahkar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keshtkar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirfazeli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roshandel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of IL-6 for predicting neonatal sepsis:a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Iran J Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>411-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doellner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arntzen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haereid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Austgulen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interleukin-6 concentrations in neonates evaluated for sepsis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>132</volume>
<page-range>295-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirzarahimi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eslami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Enteshari-Moghaddam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of interleukin-6 in the early diagnosis of sepsis in premature infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Rep]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>7305</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cobo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kacerovsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drahosova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Musilova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hornychova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Umbilical cord blood IL-6 as predictor of early-onset neonatal sepsis in women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS One]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>e69341</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Procianoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of sample collection timing on interleukin-6 levels in early-onset neonatal sepsis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr (Rio J)]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<page-range>407-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steinberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hofer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Resch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cord blood procalcitonin and interleukin-6 are highly sensitive and specific in the prediction of early-onset sepsis in preterm infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scand J Clin Lab Invest]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<page-range>432-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beceiro Mosquera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sivera Monzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oria de Rueda Salguero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivas López de Soria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herbozo Nory]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Utilidad de un test rápido de interleuquina-6 sérico combinado con proteína C reactiva para predecir la sepsis en recién nacidos con sospecha de infección]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[An Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<page-range>483-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demirel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oguz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erdeve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dilmen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Función de la concentración sérica de interleucina 6 y proteína C-reactiva para diferenciar la etiología de la septicemia neonatal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Argent Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>113</volume>
<page-range>534-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Interleukina-6 como marcador diagnóstico de sepsis neonatal [thesis]]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Asturias ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Oviedo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vignally]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gentile]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bongiovanni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sambuc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chabot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J-M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[[Évaluation des pratiques professionnelles du médecin :historique de la démarche en France]]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SantéPublique]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>81-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miguel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FV]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New quantitative electrochemiluminescence method (ECLIA) for interleukin-6 (IL-6) measurement]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Chem Lab Med]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>835-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Celik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[&#304;H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demirel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oguz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erdeve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biyikli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What are the cut-off levels for IL-6 and CRP in neonatal sepsis?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Lab Anal]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>407-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ting]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Synnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deshpandey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association between antibiotic use and neonatal mortality and morbidities in very low-birth-weight infants without culture-proven sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JAMA Pediatr]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>170</volume>
<page-range>1181-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fisher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Preterm labor:one syndrome, many causes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>345</volume>
<page-range>760-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ofman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cantey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk of early-onset sepsis following preterm, prolonged rupture of membranes with or without chorioamnionitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Perinatol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>339-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simões]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cavalli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salomão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baracat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cesarean delivery and prematurity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992)]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<page-range>489-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sentilhes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sénat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M-V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ancel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P-Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benoist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blanc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recommandations pour la pratique clinique:prévention de la prématuritéspontanée et de ses conséquences (hors rupture des membranes) &#8212;Texte des recommandations (texte court)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Gynécologie Obstétrique Biol Reprod]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>1446-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
