<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462020000500262</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/bmhim.20000183</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2 and influenza: a comparative overview and treatment implications]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2 e influenza: revisión comparativa e implicaciones del tratamiento]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manzanares-Meza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica en Endocrinología y Nutrición ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>262</fpage>
<lpage>273</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462020000500262&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462020000500262&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462020000500262&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Alphainfluenzavirus are RNA viruses that cause coronavirus disease-19 and influenza, respectively. Both viruses infect the respiratory tract, show similar symptoms, and use surface proteins to infect the host. Influenza requires hemagglutinin and neuraminidase to infect, whereas SARS-CoV-2 uses protein S. Both viruses depend on a viral RNA polymerase to express their proteins, but only SARS-CoV-2 has a proofreading mechanism, which results in a low mutation rate compared to influenza. E1KC4 and camostat mesylate are potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 S protein, achieving an effect similar to oseltamivir. Due to the SARS-CoV-2 low mutation rate, nucleoside analogs have been developed (such as EIDD-2801), which insert lethal mutations in the viral RNA. Furthermore, the SARS-CoV-2 low mutation rate suggests that a vaccine, as well as the immunity developed in recovered patients, could provide long-lasting protection compared to vaccines against influenza, which are rendered obsolete as the virus mutates.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 y la influenza son causadas por virus ARN: coronavirus tipo 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2) y Alphainfluenzavirus, respectivamente. Ambos virus infectan el tracto respiratorio, presentan síntomas similares y emplean proteínas de superficie para infectar al huésped. El virus de la influenza requiere de hemaglutinina y neuraminidasa para infectar, mientras que el SARS-CoV-2 utiliza la proteína S. Ambos virus dependen de la ARN polimerasa viral para expresar sus proteínas, pero solo el SARS-CoV-2 cuenta con un mecanismo de corrección de errores, por lo que presenta una baja tasa de mutaciones en comparación con el virus de la influenza. E1KC4 y el mesilato de camostat son inhibidores potenciales de la proteína S del SARS-CoV-2, obteniendo un efecto similar al de oseltamivir. Aprovechando la baja tasa de mutación del SARS-CoV-2, se han desarrollado análogos de nucleósidos (como el fármaco EIDD-2801) que insertan mutaciones letales en el ARN viral. Además, la baja tasa de mutación del SARS-CoV-2, obteniendo un efecto similar al de oseltamivir sugiere que las vacunas desarrolladas, así como la inmunidad generada en pacientes recuperados, podrían brindar protección prolongada, en comparación con las vacunas desarrolladas contra la influenza, que resultan obsoletas frente a una cepa mutada.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Influenza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Coronavirus disease-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Influenza]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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