<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462020000500252</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/bmhim.200001911</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2: previous coronaviruses, immune response, and development of vaccines]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2: coronavirus previos, respuesta inmune y desarrollo de vacunas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Saraí G. De]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1b"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Rico]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Brenda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1b"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olmo-Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guadalupe Del]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1b"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Dávalos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iván]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1b"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonifaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1b"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A1a">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A1b">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>252</fpage>
<lpage>261</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462020000500252&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462020000500252&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462020000500252&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Since the emergence of the new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China at the end of 2019, when its characteristics were practically unknown, one aspect was evident: its high contagion rate. This high infection rate resulted in the spread of the virus in China, Europe, and, eventually, the rest of the world, including Mexico. At present, around 9 million people are infected, and around 470,000 have died worldwide. In this context, the need to generate protective immunity, and especially the generation of a vaccine that can protect the world population against infection in the shortest possible time, is a challenge that is being addressed in different countries using different strategies in multiple clinical trials. This opinion article will present the evidence of the induction of immune response in some of the viruses of the coronavirus family before COVID-19, such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus). The information collected about the induction of an immune response by SARS-CoV-2 will be presented, as well as a description of the vaccine candidates reported to date in the various ongoing clinical trials. Finally, an opinion based on the evidence presented will be issued on the potential success of developing vaccine prototypes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Desde el surgimiento del nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (coronavirus tipo 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo) en China a finales del año 2019, cuando todavía era desconocido prácticamente en todos los aspectos, una característica era evidente: el alto índice de contagio entre la población. Esto resultó en la expansión del virus en China, Europa y, finalmente, en el resto del mundo, incluyendo México. Actualmente, alrededor de 9 millones de personas están infectadas, y han muerto cerca de 500,000 en todo el mundo. En este contexto, la necesidad de generar inmunidad protectora y, sobre todo, el desarrollo de una vacuna que pueda proteger a la población mundial contra la infección en el menor tiempo posible, es un reto que se está abordando en distintos países utilizando diversas estrategias en múltiples ensayos clínicos. En este artículo de opinión se presentan las evidencias de la inducción de respuesta inmunitaria con algunos de los virus de la familia de coronavirus previos al SARS-CoV-2, como el SARS-CoV (coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo) y el MERS-CoV (síndrome respiratorio por coronavirus de Oriente Medio). Además, se presenta lo reportado hasta el momento acerca de la inducción de respuesta inmunitaria por el SARS-CoV-2, así como una descripción de los candidatos a vacunas informados hasta el momento en los distintos ensayos clínicos en curso. Finalmente se emite una opinión, basada en las evidencias presentadas, acerca del éxito potencial de los prototipos de vacunas en desarrollo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Wuhan coronavirus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2 vaccine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19 vaccine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ad5-nCoV vaccine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mRNA 1273 vaccine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bacillus Calmette-Guerin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Coronavirus de Wuhan]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vacuna SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vacuna COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vacuna Ad5-nCoV]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vacuna mRNA-1273]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bacilo de Calmette-Guérin]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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