<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462017000100034</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.bmhimx.2016.10.011</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Infección del tracto urinario causada por Enterobacteriaceae y su relación con reflujo vésico-ureteral en recién nacidos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Urinary tract infection caused by Enterobacteriaceae and its relationship with vesicoureteral reflux]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta Batista]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bárbara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Córdova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Robledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pediátrico Universitario &#8216;&#8216;Juan M. Márquez&#8217;&#8217;  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pediátrico Universitario &#8216;&#8216;Juan M. Márquez&#8217;&#8217;  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>34</fpage>
<lpage>40</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462017000100034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462017000100034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462017000100034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  La primera infección del tracto urinario puede ser un marcador de una anomalía del tracto urinario, principalmente de reflujo vésico-ureteral. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la asociación entre microorganismos de la familia Enterobacteriaceae con la presencia y grado de reflujo vésico-ureteral en pacientes neonatales quienes debutaron con infección del tracto urinario.  Métodos:  Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y analítico de recién nacidos con infección del tracto urinario, quienes ingresaron en el Servicio de Neonatología del Hospital Pediátrico Universitario &#8216;&#8216;Juan Manuel Márquez&#8217;&#8217;, La Habana, Cuba, desde 1992 hasta 2013, y en quienes el microorganismo causal era de la familia Enterobacteriaceae. Se realizaron estudios por imagen y se analizó la asociación entre la presencia y grado de reflujo vésico-ureteral con el microorganismo causal de la infección del tracto urinario.  Resultados:  Se estudiaron 450 recién nacidos. Los aislamientos bacterianos en los urocultivos correspondieron a E. coli en 316 casos (70.2%). La prevalencia de reflujo vésico-ureteral resultó del 18.2%. Se comprobó que el microorganismo causal -otras bacterias diferentes a E. coli correspondientes a la familia Enterobacteriaceae- se asoció significativamente con el riesgo (OR 2.02; p &lt; 0.01) y el grado de reflujo vésico-ureteral (para los de más alto grado, p &lt; 0.01).  Conclusiones: E. coli es el agente causal más frecuente de la infección del tracto urinario neonatal. Sin embargo, existe una asociación entre la presencia de un microorganismo de la familia Enterobacteriaceae diferente a E. coli y el reflujo vésico-ureteral, principalmente los de mayor grado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Background:  The first urinary tract infection can be a marker of a urinary tract anomaly, mainly vesicoureteral reflux. The aim of this work was to determine the association between isolated enterobacteria with the presence and grade of vesicoureteral reflux in neonatal patients with their first urinary tract infection.  Methods:  A retrospective, observational and analytic study of newborns, who were admitted to the Neonatal Department, University Pediatric Hospital &#8216;&#8216;Juan Manuel Márquez,&#8217;&#8217; in Havana, Cuba, from 1992 to 2013 was conducted. The causal microorganism of urinary tract infection was from the Enterobacteriaceae family. They were evaluated by radio imaging. The association between the presence and grade of vesicoureteral reflux with the causal microorganism of the urinary tract infection was analyzed.  Results:  Newborn infants with urinary tract infection (450) were studied. Bacterial isolations in the urine cultures corresponded to E. coli in 316 cases (70.2%). The prevalence of vesicoureteral reflux was 18.2%. The presence of bacteria corresponding to the Enterobacteriaceae family (other than E. coli) had significant risk association with vesicoureteral reflux (OR: 2.02; p &lt; 0.01) and vesicoureteral reflux classification (for higher grades, p &lt; 0.01).  Conclusions: E. coli is the most frequent causal microorganism in neonatal urinary tract infection. However, an association between the isolation of a microorganism of the Enterobacteriaceae family different to E. coli with the presence of vesicoureteral reflux and mainly with higher grades of vesicoureteral reflux exists.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Reflujo vésico-ureteral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Anomalías del tracto urinario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Recién nacido]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infección del tracto urinario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enterobacteriaceae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vesicoureteral reflux]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Urinary tract anomalies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Newborn]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Urinary tract infection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Enterobacteriaceae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Escherichia coli]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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