<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1665-1146</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1665-1146</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1665-11462015000200140</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.bmhimx.2015.05.001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hipotiroidismo congénito]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Congenital hypothyroidism]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castilla Peón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Fernanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez Departamento de Ediciones Médicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F.]]></addr-line>
<country>MX</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>140</fpage>
<lpage>148</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1665-11462015000200140&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1665-11462015000200140&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1665-11462015000200140&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El hipotiroidismo congénito (HC) es una causa prevenible de retraso mental, por lo que es de suma importancia que el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos sean realizados por el médico de primer contacto. El tamizaje para HC se debe realizar entre el segundo y quinto días de vida, con sangre capilar mediante la punción del talón. Debe confirmarse mediante el perfil tiroideo en sangre venosa.La etiología más frecuente es la disgenesia tiroidea, la cual se identifica con gamagrafía tiroidea antes de iniciar el tratamiento. El tratamiento es con levotiroxina (10-15 µg/kg/día) y no debe ser retrasado ni suspendido durante los tres primeros años de vida debido al efecto deletéreo en el neurodesarrollo en el caso de deficiencia de hormonas tiroideas durante esta etapa. Los recién nacidos prematuros, enfermos o con síndrome de Down requieren una valoración especial. En este artículo se describen los algoritmos diagnósticos y terapéuticos del HC.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a cause of preventable mental retardation; therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment by the primary care physician is very important. CH screening must be performed between the second and fifth days of life with capillary blood done with a heel prick and must be confirmed by measurement of thyroid hormones in venous blood.The most common cause of CH is thyroid dysgenesis, which may be identified by a thyroid scan carried out before initiating treatment. Treatment should be with levothyroxine (10-15 µg/kg/day) and should not be delayed or suspended during the first 3 years of life due to the deleterious effect on neurodevelopment in case of low thyroid hormones during this time. Preterm or sick infants or those with Down syndrome require special consideration. This article provides diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for CH.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hipotiroidismo congénito]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Congenital hypothyroidism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiología del hipotiroidismo congénito en México]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vela-Amieva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamboa-Cardiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega-Velázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Salud Publica Mex.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<page-range>141-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Increase in congenital hypothyroidism in New York State and in the United States]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mol Genet Metab.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<page-range>268-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Iodine Global Network (IGN)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Iodine Deficiency]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nineteen years of national screening for congenital hypothyroidism: familial cases with thyroid dysgenesis suggest the involvement of genetic factors]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castanet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonaïti-Pellié]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lyonnet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Czernichow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Léger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<collab>AFDPHE (Association Française pour le Dépistage et la Prévention des Handicaps de l'Enfant)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>86</volume>
<page-range>2009-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hipertirotropinemia en recién nacidos mexicanos]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vela-Amieva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Osorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamboa-Cardiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Salud Publica Mex.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>269-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inherited defects in thyroid hormone cell-membrane transport and metabolism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dumitrescu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>189-201</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Proportion of various types of thyroid disorders among newborns with congenital hypothyroidism and normally located gland: a regional cohort study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaudino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Czernichow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Léger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<page-range>444-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A population-based study on the frequency of additional congenital malformations in infants with congenital hypothyroidism: data from the Italian Registry for Congenital Hypothyroidism (1991-1998)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivieri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stazi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mastroiacovo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fazzini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spagnolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab.]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<page-range>557-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Increased prevalence of renal and urinary tract anomalies in children with congenital hypothyroidism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gordillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaskel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Druschel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woroniecki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>154</volume>
<page-range>263-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treating patients not numbers: the benefit and burden of lowering TSH newborn screening cut-offs]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krude]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blankenstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Dis Child.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<page-range>121-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Consejo de Salubridad General Evidencias y Recomendaciones</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Prevención, Diagnóstico y Tratamiento del Hipotiroidismo Congénito Neonatal en el Primer Nivel de Atención]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría de Salud]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology consensus guidelines on screening, diagnosis, and management of congenital hypothyroidism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Léger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivieri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donaldson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torresani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krude]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Horm Res Paediatr.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<page-range>80-103</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Update of newborn screening and therapy for congenital hypothyroidism]]></article-title>
<collab>Academy American Rose SR, and the Section on Endocrinology and Committee on Genetics</collab>
<collab>American Thyroid Association, Brown RS, and the Public Health Committee</collab>
<collab>Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>117</volume>
<page-range>2290-303</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Laboratory medicine practice guidelines. Laboratory support for the diagnosis and monitoring of thyroid disease]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baloch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carayon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conte-Devolx]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feldt-Rasmussen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J-F.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Thyroid]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>3-126</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[High versus low dose of initial thyroid hormone replacement for congenital hypothyroidism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weindling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>1</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Congenital hypothyroidism treatment in infants: a comparative study between liquid and tablet formulations of levothyroxine]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peroni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vigone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bassi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pozzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Passoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Horm Res Pædiatr.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<page-range>50-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Long-term effects of L-thyroxine therapy for congenital hypothyroidism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rovet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ehrlich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr.]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>126</volume>
<page-range>380-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of timing and dose of thyroid hormone replacement on mental, psychomotor, and behavioral development in children with congenital hypothyroidism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bongers-Schokking]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>147</volume>
<page-range>768-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neurodevelopmental outcomes in congenital hypothyroidism: comparison of initial T4 dose and time to reach target T4 and TSH]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Downs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lafranchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>147</volume>
<page-range>775-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors for neurodevelopmental deficits in congenital hypothyroidism after early substitution treatment]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Endocr J.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<page-range>355-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative evaluation of therapy with L-thyroxine versus no treatment in children with idiopathic and mild subclinical hypothyroidism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wasniewska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corrias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aversa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzise]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mussa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Horm Res Pædiatr.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<page-range>376-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Subtle health impairment and socioeducational attainment in young adult patients with congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed by neonatal screening: a longitudinal population-based cohort study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Léger J. Ecosse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Léger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roussey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lanoë]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larroque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<page-range>1771-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Congenital hypothyroidism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abduljabbar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afifi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>13-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Update on some aspects of neonatal thyroid disease]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simpser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rapaport]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>95-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid hormones for preventing neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osborn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev.]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>4</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Profile of hypothyroidism in Down's syndrome]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cebeci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Güven]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yildiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol.]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>116-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid functions of neonates with Down syndrome. Ital.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarici]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kurtoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gunes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ozturk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akcakus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>38</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Down syndrome and thyroid function]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Regelmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rapaport]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>735-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Growth studies in infants and children with Down's syndrome and elevated levels of thyrotropin]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharav]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Dis Child.]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>142</volume>
<page-range>1302-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A five-year longitudinal study of thyroid function in children with Down syndrome]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selikowitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dev Med Child Neurol.]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>396-401</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Euthyroid submedian free T4 and subclinical hypothyroidism may have a detrimental clinical effect in Down syndrome]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tenenbaum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lebel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malkiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kastiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abulibdeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zangen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Horm Res Pædiatr.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<page-range>113-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Longitudinal study of thyroid function in Down's syndrome in the first two decades]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Price]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leyland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Addison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Dis Child.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<page-range>574-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thyroid dysfunction in children with Down syndrome: a literature review]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[King]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Gorman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallagher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ir J Med Sci.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>183</volume>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Developmental trends in cord and postpartum serum thyroid hormones in preterm infants]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.L.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simpson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delahunty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ogston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bongers-Schokking]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murphy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<page-range>5314-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Congenital hypothyroidism with a delayed thyroid-stimulating hormone elevation in very premature infants: incidence and growth and developmental outcomes]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lizarda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tucker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitchell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vohr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Pediatr.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>158</volume>
<page-range>538-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical importance of hypothyroxinemia in the preterm infant and a discussion of treatment concerns]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[La]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paneth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Opin Pediatr.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>172-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Levels of neonatal thyroid hormone in preterm infants and neurodevelopmental outcome at 5 1/2 years: millennium cohort study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delahunty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falconer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hume]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jackson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Midgley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Endocrinol Metab.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>95</volume>
<page-range>4898-908</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Phase 1 trial of 4 thyroid hormone regimens for transient hypothyroxinemia in neonates of &lt;28 weeks' gestation]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[La]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Golombek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kok]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.,]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>124</volume>
<page-range>e258-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
