<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-9940</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de cardiología de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Cardiol. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-9940</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-99402022000200274</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/acm.21000171</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mechanisms of platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Mecanismos del síndrome de platipnea-ortodesoxia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas-Pacheco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centenario Hospital Miguel Hidalgo Department of Cardiolog ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Aguascalientes ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>274</fpage>
<lpage>282</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-99402022000200274&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-99402022000200274&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-99402022000200274&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Platypnea orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is a clinical entity described in the middle of the last century. It is characterized by dyspnea and hypoxemia triggered by standing and relieved with recumbency. The diagnosis is predominately clinical. The degree of hypoxemia is variable; however, the diagnostic criteria include the decrease in arterial oxygen pressure more than 4 mmHg or oxygen saturation more than 5%. Even though many diseases cause this syndrome, there are only two responsible mechanisms, intracardiac, and intrapulmonary shunts. The coexistence of diverse structural and physiological abnormalities joined to gravitational forces that induce blood shunt after standing is crucial in each mechanism. The intracardiac mechanism is characterized by right to left blood shunt through atrial septal communications and, the right atrium pressure could be normal or increased. In addition, some patients have one or more coexistent aortic, spinal, or intracardiac alterations. The intrapulmonary mechanism is less frequent and is caused by parenchymal or vascular pathologies. Transthoracic echocardiogram is the first diagnostic modality; however, understanding the pathophysiology is the key for a rational diagnostic approach and subsequent diagnostic studies. Treatment is possible and effective in the majority of intracardiac mechanisms and some intrapulmonary. This review focuses on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of POS and their diagnostic workup.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El síndrome de platipnea ortodesoxia es una entidad clínica descrita a mediados del siglo pasado. Se caracteriza por disnea e hipoxemia que se desencadenan con la bipedestación y se alivia con el decúbito. El diagnóstico es predominantemente clínico. El grado de hipoxemia es variable; sin embargo, los criterios de diagnóstico incluyen disminución de la presión arterial de oxígeno de más de 4 mmHg o saturación de oxígeno de más de 5%. A pesar de que este síndrome es causado por gran cantidad de enfermedades, solo hay dos mecanismos responsables: los cortocircuitos intracardiacos e intrapulmonares. En cada mecanismo es crucial la coexistencia de diversas anomalías estructurales y fisiológicas que, unidas a las fuerzas gravitacionales, inducen un cortocircuito sanguíneo después de la bipedestación. En el mecanismo intracardiaco hay un cortocircuito sanguíneo de derecha a izquierda a través del del tabique interauricular y la presión auricular derecha puede ser normal o aumentada; además, algunos pacientes tienen una o más alteraciones aórticas, espinales, o intracardiacas coexistentes. El mecanismo intrapulmonar es menos frecuente y es causado por patologías parenquimatosas o vasculares. El ecocardiograma transtorácico es la primera modalidad de diagnóstico, sin embargo, comprender la fisiopatología es la clave para un enfoque de diagnóstico racional y estudios diagnósticos subsecuentes. El tratamiento es posible y eficaz en la gran mayoría de los mecanismos intracardiacos y en algunos intrapulmonares. Esta revisión se centra en los mecanismos fisiopatológicos del síndrome de platipnea ortodesoxia y su diagnóstico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Platypnea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Orthodeoxia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Patent foramen ovale]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Atrial septal defect]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Platipnea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ortodesoxia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Foramen oval permeable]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Comunicación interauricular]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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