<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-9436</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[La ventana. Revista de estudios de género]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[La ventana]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-9436</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro de Estudios de Género]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-94362005000200035</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Maternidad: historia y cultura]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palomar Verea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UdeG Centro de Estudios de Género ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>22</numero>
<fpage>35</fpage>
<lpage>67</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-94362005000200035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-94362005000200035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-94362005000200035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: La maternidad no es un &#8220;hecho natural&#8221;, sino una construcción cultural multideterminada, definida y organizada por normas que se desprenden de las necesidades de un grupo social específico y de una época definida de su historia. Se trata de un fenómeno compuesto por discursos y prácticas sociales que conforman un imaginario complejo y poderoso que es, a la vez, fuente y efecto del género. Este imaginario tiene actualmente, como piezas centrales, dos elementos que lo sostienen y a los que parecen atribuírsele, generalmente, un valor de esencia: el instinto materno y el amor maternal (Badinter, 1980 y Knibiehler, 2001). A partir de la consideración de que la &#8220;naturaleza femenina&#8221; radica en una biología que asegura ambos elementos, la maternidad es entendida como algo que está separado del contexto histórico y cultural, y cuyo significado es único y siempre el mismo. Más aún: cualquier fenómeno que parezca contradecir la existencia de los elementos mencionados, es silenciado o calificado como &#8220;anormal&#8221;, &#8220;desviado&#8221; o &#8220;enfermo&#8221;. Por eso los esfuerzos de algunas historiadoras y antropólogas por mostrar que también la maternidad es un fenómeno marcado por la historia y por el género -la cultura-, es indispensable para indagar en las complejidades que conforman su imaginario y el sentido de las prácticas que componen este fenómeno.]]></p></abstract>
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