<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-888X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[TIP. Revista especializada en ciencias químico-biológicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[TIP]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-888X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-888X2020000100109</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2020.0.264</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evaluation of acute toxicity and chemical composition of refined oil Moringa oleifera cultivated in Mexico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación de la toxicidad aguda y composición química de aceite refinado de Moringa oleifera cultivada en México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Viridiana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alamilla-Beltrán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereyra-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia del Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alicia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plazola-Jacinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carla Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camacho-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Brenda H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Laboratorio de Microencapsulación: Interacciones, estructura y función]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Gustavo A. Madero Cd. de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos Laboratorio de Microscopía e Imagenología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Yautepec Morelos]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Anáhuac México Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Laboratorio de alimentos]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Huixquilucan Estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-888X2020000100109&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-888X2020000100109&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-888X2020000100109&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The oil obtained from Moringa oleifera seeds is mainly composed of oleic acid and in less proportion by linoleic and &#945;-linolenic acids. It also contains phospholipids and other minority components, like enzymes, alkaloids, and glycosinolates some of which can generate undesirable characteristics and toxicity; therefore, refining processes are recommended for their removal. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of chemical refining on acute toxicity, fatty acid composition, and physicochemical properties, and of M. oleifera seed oil obtained from a Mexican variety. The oil was extracted by mechanical pressing of the seeds and then submitted to chemical refining. The crude and refined oils were characterized by determining the following parameters: acute toxicity in a murine model, fatty acid profile; iodine, saponification, and peroxide indexes; titratable acidity; and antioxidant capacity. Results showed that the M. oleifera seed oil did not present acute toxicity in the range of 300-2,000 mg/kg; therefore, could be used for human nutrition. The refining process did not have a significant effect (p &lt; 0.05) on the content of oleic (69%), linoleic (0.74%), and &#945;-linolenic (1.97%) acids. After the refining process, the iodine and saponification indexes increased. In contrast, the peroxide index, acidity, &#946;-carotene content, and antioxidant capacity decreased.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El aceite de Moringa oleifera está compuesto principalmente de ácido oleico, linoleico y &#945;-linolénico, también contiene fosfolípidos y otros componentes minoritarios, como enzimas, alcaloides y glucosinolatos, compuestos que pueden generar características no deseadas y/o toxicidad, sin embargo, éstos pueden eliminarse mediante un proceso de refinación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la refinación química sobre la toxicidad aguda, la composición de ácidos grasos, y las propiedades fisicoquímicas del aceite de semilla de M. oleifera de una variedad mexicana, para ésto, el aceite se extrajo por prensado mecánico de las semillas para someterse a refinación química. Al aceite crudo y refinado se les determinó toxicidad aguda probada en un modelo murino, así como también el perfil de los ácidos grasos, los índices de yodo, saponificación y peróxido, además de la acidez, y capacidad antioxidante. Los resultados mostraron que el aceite de semilla de M. oleifera no presentó toxicidad aguda en el intervalo de 300-2,000 mg/kg; por lo que podría ser utilizado para consumo humano. El proceso de refinación no tuvo efecto significativo (p &lt; 0.05) sobre el contenido del ácido oleico (69%), linoleico (0.74%) y &#945;-linolénico (1.97%). Después del proceso de refinación, aumentó el valor del índice de yodo y de saponificación, mientras que el índice de peróxido, la acidez, el contenido de &#946;-caroteno y la capacidad antioxidante disminuyeron.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[monounsaturated fatty acids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[polyunsaturated fatty acids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[refining process]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Moringa oleifera seed oil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acute toxicity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Moringa oleifera aceite]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ácidos grasos monoinsaturados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ácidos grasos poliinsaturados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[proceso de refinación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[toxicidad aguda]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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