<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-888X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[TIP. Revista especializada en ciencias químico-biológicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[TIP]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-888X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-888X2018000421206</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2018.0.158</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Una historia de éxito: biodiversidad a través de fósiles]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A history of success: biodiversity through fossils]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cevallos-Ferriz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio R.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huerta Vergara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alma R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Geología Departamento de Paleontología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ , Ciudad de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Ecología Posgrado en Ciencias de la Sostenibilidad]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>21</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-888X2018000421206&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-888X2018000421206&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-888X2018000421206&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los organismos se desarrollan y lo que evoluciona es el genoma; además, si la innovación funciona sigue adelante, si no se selecciona. Así, la evolución es la acumulación sucesiva de eventos favorables. Estos últimos quedaron registrados en la morfología y anatomía de los organismos conservados en las rocas, como fósiles. Mediante la comparación de plantas fósiles y actuales, se reconocen varios episodios sobresalientes que evidencian la secuencia de modificaciones de los organismos fotosintéticos, iniciando en el Precámbrico y hasta el Reciente. El primero, comprende desde el origen de la vida hasta la colonización de la atmósfera por la biósfera; mencionando a los primeros organismos planctónicos y/o nectónicos, incluyendo a las primeras biopelículas (se refiere a las comunidades de microorganismos que precipitan o atrapan minerales, para formar estructuras órganos-sedimentarias) y costras biológicas milimétricas, hasta la intrusión de la atmósfera en donde las plantas alcanzan alturas de unos cuantos decímetros. La colonización de la atmósfera por la biósfera con fuerte alteración de la litósfera marca un segundo episodio, en el que se encuentran plantas homospóricas, con embrión unipolar, cambium vascular unifacial y micrófilas, pero también plantas centimétricas que se desarrollan como arbustos y árboles de hasta 20 m de altura. Un tercer episodio lo caracterizan plantas con semillas desnudas, cambium vascular bifacial, embrión bipolar y megáfilas, además de una biología reproductiva fascinante y distinta a la de las plantas actuales. En el cuarto capítulo de esta historia la vida llega a su máximo desarrollo con la aparición de un mundo multicolor plagado de aromas, que cambia las relaciones entre plantas y animales, con una reingeniería relacionada con el uso óptimo del agua para completar los ciclos de vida. Los cuatro episodios anteriores se representan en dioramas, mostrando &#8220;bosques&#8221; o &#8220;selvas&#8221; semejantes a las actuales, pero con secretos de su biología que sorprenden por originales y distintos. Finalmente, los eventos presentados se relacionan con la economía del uso del agua que actúa en favor de los ciclos de vida con menor dependencia del agua y facilitan la colonización de zonas interiores y altas de los continentes, reflejando así una historia de éxito.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Organisms develop and what evolves is the genome. In addition, if the innovation works, it goes ahead, if not it is selected. Thus, evolution is the successive accumulation of favorable events. The latter were recorded in the morphology and anatomy of the organisms conserved in the rocks as fossils. By comparing fossil and extant plants several outstanding episodes are recognized that show the sequence of modifications of photosynthetic organisms, beginning in the Precambrian and extending to the Recent. The first episode comprises from the origin of life to the colonization of the atmosphere by the biosphere; including the first planktonic and/or nektonic organisms, the first biofilms (it refers to communities of microorganisms that precipitate or trap minerals, to form organs-sedimentary structures) and millimeteric biological crusts, up to the intrusion of the atmosphere by plants that reach heights of a few decimeters. The colonization of the atmosphere by the biosphere with strong alteration of the lithosphere marks a second episode, in which homosporic plants, with unipolar embryo, unifacial vascular cambium and microphyll are found; these included centimetric plants that develop as shrubs and trees up to 20 m in height. A third episode is characterized by plants with bare seeds, bifacial vascular cambium, bipolar embryo and megaphylls, as well as a fascinating reproductive biology, different from that of extant plants. In the fourth chapter of this story, life reaches its maximum development with the appearance of a multicolored world full of aromas, which changes the relationships between plants and animals, promoting reengineering of processes related to the optimal use of water to complete life cycles. The four previous episodes are represented in diorams, illustrating "forests" or "jungles" similar to the extant ones, but with secrets in their biology that surprise for being original and different. Finally, the events presented are related to the economy of water in favor of life cycles with less dependence on this liquid, which facilitate the colonization of interior and high areas of the continents, thus reflecting a success story.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[organismos fotosintéticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[plantas vasculares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[evolución]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biodiversidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[independencia del agua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fósiles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[photosynthetic organisms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vascular plants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[evolution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[water independence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fossils]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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