<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-888X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[TIP. Revista especializada en ciencias químico-biológicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[TIP]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-888X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-888X2008000100017</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto de la salinidad y del tamaño de la semilla sobre la germinación y crecimiento de plántulas de maíz (Zea mays L.) bajo condiciones de laboratorio]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laynez-Garsaball]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez-Natera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesús Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mayz-Figueroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente Escuela de Ingeniería Agronómica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>17</fpage>
<lpage>25</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-888X2008000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-888X2008000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-888X2008000100017&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se estudió la germinación y el crecimiento de plántulas a partir de dos tamaños de semillas, de dos cultivares de maíz, utilizando como sustrato papel absorbente y regados con tres soluciones salinas preparadas con cloruro de sodio. El diseño estadístico fue de parcelas divididas con cuatro repeticiones, en la parcela principal se midieron los potenciales osmóticos (0, - 0.328 y - 0.547 MPa), en las subparcelas los cultivares de maíz (Himeca 95 y Pioneer 361) y en las sub-sub-parcelas los tamaños de las semillas (&#8805;0.32 - 0.36 &#8804; g y &gt;0.36 g). Se realizó un análisis de varianza y la prueba de rangos múltiples de Duncan. El nivel de inferencia fue de 5%. Las disminuciones en el potencial osmótico también disminuyeron la germinación y el crecimiento de las plántulas en dos cultivares. La tolerancia a la salinidad sólo se pudo evaluar en la etapa de germinación con potenciales osmóticos de -0.328 y -0.547 MPa (Pioneer 361 más tolerante que Himeca 95). Se tuvo mayor crecimiento de plántulas (volumen radicular y peso fresco del vastago) a partir de semillas grandes, aunque este crecimiento se perdió al disminuir el potencial osmótico, sugiriendo que el uso de semillas grandes puede representar una ventaja en suelos no salinos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Seed germination and seedling growth were studied from two seed sizes of two corn cultivars evaluated in absorbent paper and watered with three saline solutions created with sodium chloride. A split-split-plot design was used with four replications, main plots were constituted for the osmotic potentials (0, - 0.328 and - 0.547 MPa), sub-plots were the two corn cultivars (Himeca 95 and Pioneer 361) and sub-sub-plots were two seed sizes (&#8805; 0.32 - 0.36 &#8804; g y &gt; 0.36 g). An analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test were carried out. The inference level was 5%. The decreased osmotic potential produced lower seed germination and lesser seedling growth in the two corn cultivars. It was possible to evaluate only for salinity tolerance in germination stage with osmotic potentials of -0.328 and - 0.547 MPa (Pioneer 361 was more tolerant than Himeca 95). Growth was bigger in seedlings from big seed (fresh shoot weight and radicle volume), although this superiority was lost with decreased osmotic potential, suggesting that the use of big seeds can represent an advantage in non saline soils.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Maíz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salinidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tamaño de semilla]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Corn]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[salinity tolerance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[seed size]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azcón-Bieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Talón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fisiología y Bioquímica Vegetal]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid, España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Interamericana McGraw-Hill]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roquero De]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Edafología]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Mundi-Prensa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez &#913;.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Efecto de la temperatura y del contenido de agua del suelo en la germinación y crecimiento inicial en dos cultivares de maíz (Zea mays L. ) con diferentes contenidos de humedad inicial en las semillas]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Núcleo de Monagas, Venezuela ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Oriente]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez N.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibarra P.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merazo P.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Germinación de semillas y desarrollo de plántulas de tres híbridos de maíz (Zea mays L.) bajo soluciones osmóticas I. Cloruro de sodio. VI Festival del Maíz]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Maracay, Estado Aragua ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[VI Jornada Científica Nacional del Maíz]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez N.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibarra P.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merazo P.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Germinación de semillas y desarrollo de plántulas de tres híbridos de maíz (Zea mays L.) bajo soluciones osmóticas II. Sulfato de sodio. VI Festival del maíz]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Maracay, Estado Aragua ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[VI Jornada científica nacional del maíz]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong R.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Efecto de cinco potenciales osmóticos creados con NaCl y sacarosa comercial sobre la germinación de las semillas y desarrollo inicial de las plántulas de tres híbridos de maíz (Zea mays L.)]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Núcleo de Monagas, Venezuela ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Oriente]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galeshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soltani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeinali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Germination, seed reserve utilization and seedling growth of chickpea as affected by salinity and seed size. Seed Symposium]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 26Congress of the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA)]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Anger, France </conf-loc>
<page-range>12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salisbury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ross]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fisiología de las Plantas]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Thompson Learning]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almansouri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kinet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lutts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of salt and osmotic stresses on germination in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant and Soil]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>231</volume>
<page-range>243-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dantas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Sá Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aragão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Physiological response of cowpea seeds to salinity stress]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Sementes]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>144-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[George]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Germination and respiration of barley, strawberry, clover and ladino clover seeds in salt solutions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Crop Sci]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>450-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daubenmire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ecología Vegetal]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Limusa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uhvits]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of osmotic pressure on water absorption and germination of alfalfa seeds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am. J. Bot]]></source>
<year>1946</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>278-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ungar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ecophysiology of vascular halophytes]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Boca Raton, Florida, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CRC Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[&#1052;.&#1040;.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ungar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seed polymorphism and germination responses to salinity stress in Atriplex triangularis Willd]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bot. Gaz]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>145</volume>
<page-range>487-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zekril]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Salinity and calcium effects on emergence, growth and mineral composition of seedlings of eight citrus rootstocks]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Horiic.Sci]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<page-range>53-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llanes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reinoso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Germination and early growth of Prosopis strombulifera seedlings in different saline solutions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Journal of Agricultural Sciences]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>120-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahdavi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Modarres Sanavy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Germination and seedling growth in grasspea (Lathyrus sativus) cultivars under salinity conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>273-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wyn Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leigh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sodium transport measured in plasma membrane vesicles isolated from wheat genotypes with different K+/Na+ discrimination traits]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Cell Environ]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>105-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jamil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Salt stress inhibits germination and early seedling growth in cabbage (Brassica olerácea capitatala.)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>910-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jamil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of salinity (NaCl) on the germination and seedling of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. ) and cabbage (Brassica olerácea L. )]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Korean J. Plant Res]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>226-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Araujo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.A.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Salinity tolerance of halophyte Atriplex nummularia L. grown under increasing NaCl levels]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Bras. Eng. Agrie. Ambient]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>848-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
