<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-7743</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería, investigación y tecnología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ing. invest. y tecnol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-7743</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ingeniería]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-77432021000100001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fi.25940732e.2021.22.1.001</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Índice de bloqueo para mejorar la protección diferencial de secuencia negativa de transformadores utilizando ATP/EMTP]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Blocking index to improve negative sequence differential protection of power transformers using ATP/EMTP]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guillen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vicente]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivares-Galván]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Departamento de Energía Eléctrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Departamento de Energía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>0</fpage>
<lpage>0</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-77432021000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-77432021000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-77432021000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En este trabajo se presenta un nuevo índice de bloqueo para mejorar el rendimiento de la protección diferencial del transformador basado en la secuencia negativa. Para garantizar la confiabilidad de cualquier red eléctrica, los esquemas de protección son una tarea primordial. Particularmente, los transformadores de potencia están sujetos a eventos transitorios de falla y no falla, tales como fallas entre espiras, corrientes de magnetización y sobreexcitación. En consecuencia, la protección del transformador debe funcionar correctamente bajo fenómenos transitorios. Para analizar las fallas internas y algunos eventos transitorios en transformadores, se implementa una protección diferencial de secuencia negativa mediante el uso del software ATP/EMTP. El esquema propuesto emplea un esquema de protección diferencial (87Q), el cual se basa principalmente en la diferencia angular entre secuencias negativas de las corrientes primarias y secundarias utilizando un relevador de ángulo de operación (ROA). Esta propuesta de protección introduce un índice de bloqueo para evitar el mal funcionamiento durante la energización del transformador, ya que se ha reportado que el ROA puede presentar un mal funcionamiento durante eventos transitorios. El nuevo índice introducido representa una distancia entre secuencias durante el período transitorio, lo que ayuda a discriminar las fallas internas de las corrientes de energización. En este sentido, los autores presentan una evaluación del índice de bloqueo introducido para evitar el mal funcionamiento, especialmente cuando la protección diferencial está funcionando en condiciones desbalanceadas, o en condiciones transitorias, como la corriente de energización. Con base en los resultados, la propuesta muestra un buen desempeño y su efectividad es demostrada bajo diferentes escenarios de falla.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This work introduces a new blocking index to improve the transformer differential protection performance based on the negative sequence. To ensure the reliability of any electrical network, the protection schemes are a primary task. Particularly, power transformer because these are subject to transient events such as turn-to-turn faults, magnetizing inrush currents, and overexcitation. In consequence, the transformer protection must operate properly under non-fault transient phenomena. To analyses internal faults and transient events in transformers, a negative sequence differential protection is implemented using ATP/EMTP software. The proposed scheme employs a differential protection scheme (87Q), which is mainly based on the angular difference between negative sequences of the primary and secondary currents by using a Relay Operating Angle (ROA). This improved protection introduces a blocking index to avoid incorrect operations during transformer energization because it has been reported that ROA may present false operations under transient events. The new introduced index represents a distance between sequences during the transient period, which helps to discriminate internal fault from inrush currents. In this sense, the authors present an evaluation of the introduced blocking index to avoid incorrect operations, especially when this protection is working under unbalanced conditions, or in non-fault transient conditions, such as magnetizing inrush current. Based on the results, the proposal presents good performance and its effectiveness is proved under different fault scenarios.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Corrientes de magnetización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fallas internas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[secuencia negativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[protección diferencial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[relevador de ángulo de operación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transformador de potencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Inrush current]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[internal fault]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[negative sequence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[differential protection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[relay operating angle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[power transformer]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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