<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-7743</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería, investigación y tecnología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ing. invest. y tecnol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-7743</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ingeniería]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-77432017000300279</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Criteria for the design of friction piles subjected to negative skin friction and transient loads]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Criterios para el diseño de pilotes de fricción sujetos a fricción negativa y cargas accidentales]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auvinet-Guichard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Rebolledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Félix]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Ingeniería Coordinación de Geotecnia]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Brasília Facultad de Tecnología Departamento de Ingeniería Civil e Ambiental]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>279</fpage>
<lpage>292</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-77432017000300279&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-77432017000300279&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-77432017000300279&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In this paper, an analysis of the behavior of an individual friction pile subjected to negative skin friction and transient loads (seism or wind) for typical stratigraphic and piezometric conditions of Mexico City lacustrine zone is presented. This analysis is performed using a two dimensional finite element model (2D FEM) and taking as a reference the field and laboratory researchs on individual point bearing piles developed by Fellenius (1998), Bozuzuk (1981) and Leung et al. (2004). A 2D FEM study of an internal pile within a pile group subjected to the weight of the structure and to negative skin friction is also presented. Finally, for the same conditions, 3D FEM analyses results are presented in order to assess the behavior of border and corner piles. Some criteria are proposed regarding design loads and negative skin friction estimation for internal, border and corner piles.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En este artículo se presenta un análisis del comportamiento de un pilote de fricción individual sujeto a fricción negativa y cargas accidentales (sismo o viento), para condiciones estratigráficas y piezométricas típicas de la zona lacustre de la Ciudad de México. Dicho análisis que recurre al método de los elementos finitos bidimensional (MEF 2D) toma como referencia los estudios de campo y laboratorio de pilotes individuales desarrollados por Fellenius (1998), Bozuzuk (1981) y Leung et al. (2004). Asimismo, se expone el estudio, también basado en el MEF 2D, de un pilote que forma parte de un grupo sometido al peso de la estructura y a fricción negativa. Finalmente, para las mismas condiciones, se presenta un análisis basado en el MEF 3D que permite evaluar el comportamiento de pilotes de borde y de esquina. A partir de los resultados de los distintos estudios mencionados, se proponen algunos criterios respecto a las cargas de diseño y a la estimación de la fricción negativa en pilotes internos, de borde y de esquina.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Friction piles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[negative skin friction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[regional subsidence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[numerical modelling]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[constitutive models]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[finite element method]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[design criteria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[transient loads]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pilotes de fricción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fricción negativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hundimiento regional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelado numérico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[método de elementos finitos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelos constitutivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[criterios de diseño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cargas accidentales]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alberro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Proceso de consolidación y fricción negativa inducida, en pilas, pilotes y muros]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<numero>Núm. 619</numero>
<issue>Núm. 619</issue>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auvinet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Programa de computadora para predecir movimientos verticales de cimentaciones,]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<numero>Núm. 438</numero>
<issue>Núm. 438</issue>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNAM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auvinet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Negative skin friction on piles in Mexico City clay]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 10thConference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Stockholm </conf-loc>
<page-range>599-604</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auvinet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Rebolledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Modeling of friction piles in consolidating soils]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Int. Deep Found. Cong., ASCE]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Orlando </conf-loc>
<page-range>224-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auvinet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Rebolledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Friction piles in consolidating soils]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 15thInternational Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Istanbul </conf-loc>
<page-range>843-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bjerin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Swedish Geotechnical Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bjerrum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johannessen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eide]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Reduction of negative skin friction on steel piles to rock]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 7thInternational Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>México </conf-loc>
<page-range>27-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bozuzuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bearing capacity of a pile preloaded by downdrag]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 10thInternational Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Stockholm </conf-loc>
<page-range>631-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clemente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Downdrag on bitumen coated piles in a warm climate]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 10thInternational Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Stockholm </conf-loc>
<page-range>673-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Comodromos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bareka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of negative skin friction effects in pile foundations using 3D nonlinear analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comp. and Geotech. J.]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>210-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Endo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Negative skin friction acting on steel pipe pile in clay]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 7thInternational Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>México </conf-loc>
<page-range>85-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fellenius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broms]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Negative skin friction for long piles driven in clay]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 7thInternational Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Mexico </conf-loc>
<page-range>93-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fellenius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Downdrag on piles in clay due to negative skin friction]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Canadian Geotechnical Journal]]></source>
<year>1972</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>323-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fellenius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Recent advances in the design of piles for axial loads, dragloads, and settlement]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ seminar by ASCE and Port of New York and New Jersey]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>GDF</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Normas técnicas complementarias para diseño y construcción de cimentaciones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gaceta Oficial del Distrito Federal]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<page-range>20-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Briaud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analysis of downdrag on pile groups by the finite element method]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comp. and Geotech. J.]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>143-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Slip effect at the pile-soil interface on dragload]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comp. and Geotech. J.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>115-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Charles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development of downdrag on piles and pile groups in consolidating soil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Geotech. and Geoenv. Engng]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>130</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>905-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Behavior of pile subject to negative skin friction and axial load]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Soils and Foundations Journal]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>17-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plomp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mierlo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Special problems, effects of drainage by well points on pile foundations]]></source>
<year>1948</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 2nd International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Rotterdam </conf-loc>
<page-range>141-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reséndiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auvinet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Analysis of pile foundations in consolidating soils]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 8thInternational Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Moscow </conf-loc>
<page-range>211-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Rebolledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Modelado del comportamiento de pilotes e inclusiones sometidos a consolidación regional, en la zona lacustre de la Ciudad de México]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<page-range>174</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Rebolledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auvinet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Carvajal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Settlement analysis of friction piles in consolidating soft soils]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[DYNA]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>192</numero>
<issue>192</issue>
<page-range>211-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Darvall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dragdown on coated and uncoated piles]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 8th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Moscow </conf-loc>
<page-range>257-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeevaert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Foundation problems related to ground surface subsidence in Mexico City]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ASTM (STP]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<volume>322</volume>
<page-range>57-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeevaert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Compensated friction-pile foundation to reduce the settlements of buildings on the highly compressible volcanic clay of Mexico City]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ 4thInternational Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>London </conf-loc>
<page-range>81-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
