<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-6666</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de investigación educativa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[RMIE]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-6666</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Consejo Mexicano de Investigación Educativa A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-66662018000100045</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Agrupamiento por habilidad académica en el sistema escolar. Nueva evidencia para comprender las desigualdades del sistema educativo chileno]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Grouping by Academic Ability in the School System: New Evidence for Understanding Inequalities in the Chilean Education System]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Treviño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villalobos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristóbal]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Béjares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Consuelo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wyman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allende]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Facultad de Educación Centro UC para la Transformación Educativa]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ñuñoa RM]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Chile Centro de Investigación Avanzada en Educación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Centro de Estudios de Políticas y Prácticas en Educación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>76</numero>
<fpage>45</fpage>
<lpage>71</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-66662018000100045&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-66662018000100045&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-66662018000100045&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es describir la magnitud, los niveles de recurrencia y las características de las prácticas de segregación o agrupamiento por habilidad que ocurren en el sistema escolar chileno. Mediante análisis cuantitativos, se identificaron tres tipos de agrupamiento: a) al inicio del ciclo escolar, b) el reordenamiento de estudiantes y c) la distribución no aleatoria de alumnos nuevos. Los resultados sugieren que el agrupamiento por habilidad es más frecuente durante los últimos años de la educación obligatoria, especialmente en el primer y tercer grados de enseñanza media o secundaria alta. Asimismo, el agrupamiento por habilidad es más frecuente entre escuelas más vulnerables y de mayor tamaño.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The objective of this article is to describe the magnitude, the levels of recurrence, and the characteristics of the practices of segregation or grouping by ability that occur in the Chilean school system. Through quantitative analysis, three types of grouping are identified: a) at the beginning of the school year, b) the reorganization of students, and c) the non-random distribution of new students. The results suggest that grouping by ability is the most frequent during the final years of compulsory education, especially in the first and third years of secondary school or in the final years of secondary school. Grouping by ability is the most frequent at schools with the greatest vulnerability and size.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[equidad educativa]]></kwd>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política educativa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[educational equality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[educational exclusion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[educational opportunities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[educational policy]]></kwd>
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</article-meta>
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