<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-6666</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de investigación educativa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[RMIE]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-6666</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Consejo Mexicano de Investigación Educativa A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-66662005000200543</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis de estrategias de cálculo estimativo en escolares de secundaria considerados buenos estimadores]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Analysis of Strategies of Mathematical Estimation Among Secondary Students Considered to be Good Estimators]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jeannette]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Backhoff Escudero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Organista Sandoval]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Secretaría de Educación y de Bienestar Social de Baja California Telesecundaria núm. 83 ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ensenada ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Educativo ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2005</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>25</numero>
<fpage>543</fpage>
<lpage>558</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-66662005000200543&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-66662005000200543&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-66662005000200543&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se presenta una metodología, basada en la propuesta de Reys (1986), para identificar y clasificar los procesos mentales y las estrategias de cálculo estimativo que utilizan alumnos de secundaria considerados buenos estimadores. De un total de 248 estudiantes de distintas escuelas en Ensenada, Baja California, México; se seleccionó a 5% de quienes obtuvieron las calificaciones más altas en un examen aplicado para dicho fin. Los resultados muestran que la metodología es adecuada para seleccionar a buenos estimadores, identificar las estrategias estimativas utilizadas por los estudiantes, conocer algunas dificultades que ellos presentan al tratar de resolver este tipo de problemas e informarse de la manera en que adquieren estas habilidades en la vida diaria. Se puntualiza la necesidad de que los programas de matemáticas de educación básica resalten la conexión existente entre el cálculo estimativo y el desarrollo del sentido numérico en el estudiante. Un aspecto importante fue que tanto los alumnos considerados buenos estimadores en Estados Unidos como los de Ensenada presentaron semejanzas en el uso de estrategias de cálculo estimativo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract A methodology is presented, based on the proposal by Reys (1986), to identify and classify the mental processes and strategies of mathematical estimation used by secondary students considered to be good estimators. Out of a total of 248 students in various schools in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico, a selection was made of the 5% who obtained the highest scores on an examination given for this specific purpose. The results show that the methodology is adequate for selecting good estimators, identifying the estimative strategies used by students, discovering students&#8217; difficulties in attempting to solve this type of problems, and reporting on the way students acquire such skills in daily life. Mention is made of the need for mathematics programs in basic education to emphasize the existing connection between estimation and the development of numerical meaning in students. An important aspect was that students in the United States and in Ensenada who are considered to be good estimators, showed similarities in the use of estimative strategies.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación media]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[matemáticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cálculo estimativo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cálculo mental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sentido numérico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[secondary education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mathematics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mathematical estimation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mental calculation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[numerical meaning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Backhoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larrazolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nivel de dificultad y poder de discriminación del Examen de habilidades y conocimientos básicos (EXHCOBA)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>2-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis de las estrategias de cálculo estimativo que utilizan estudiantes de 2º de secundaria en Baja California]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ensenada ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UABC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Backhoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Organista]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Metodología para evaluar estrategias de cálculo estimativo en escolares de secundaria]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ QuintoForo de Evaluación Educativa]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Ensenada, BC </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desempeño y estrategias en la estimación en operaciones aritméticas de alumnos de 5º de primaria y segundo de secundaria en México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación matemática]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>33-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hazekamp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Components of mental multiplying]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shoen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zweng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estimation and Mental Computation, 1986 Yearbook]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<page-range>116-24</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Iowa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[NCTM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mancera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La matemática de la educación básica: el enfoque de la modernización educativa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación matemática]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>10-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>NCTM</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[NCTM Standars for school mathematics: visions for implementation]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crosswhite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dossey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mathematics Teacher]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>664-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La investigación cualitativa etnográfica en educación. Manual teórico práctico]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<edition>3ª</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Trillas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teaching Computational estimation: Concepts and strategies]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shoen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zweng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estimation and mental computation, 1986 Yearbook]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<page-range>31-44</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Iowa ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[NCTM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bestgen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rybolt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wyatt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Processes used by good computational estimators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal for Research in Mathematics Education]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>183-201</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reys]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hope]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mental computation: A snapshot of second, fifth and seventh grade student performance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal for Research in Mathematics Education]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>308-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sowder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Research into practice: Developing understanding of computational estimation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arithmetic Teacher]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>25-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sowder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimation and number sense]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sowder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of research on mathematics teaching and learning]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Simon &amp; Schuster]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
