<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-5546</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Computación y Sistemas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Comp. y Sist.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-5546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Computación]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-55462012000200008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Develando estrategias de mercado: minería de datos aplicada al análisis de mercados financieros]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Inferring Market Strategies: Applying Data-Mining to Analysis of Financial Markets]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gordillo-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stephens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christopher R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Dirección de Cómputo y Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México D.F.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>221</fpage>
<lpage>231</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-55462012000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-55462012000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-55462012000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En los últimos años se han venido desarrollando marcos de estudio que intentan describir a los mercados financieros con mayor apego a la realidad que los marcos tradicionales, excesivamente simplificadores. En estos marcos se incluyen herramientas conceptuales y de análisis como evolución, sistemas complejos y minería de datos, entre otras. En particular, la minería de datos proporciona herramientas para extraer información a partir de la gran cantidad de datos que se generan del funcionamiento de los mercados financieros. En este trabajo, se presenta una metodología para inferir, a partir de los datos de un mercado, si participantes con resultados similares tienen estrategias similares y así intentar entender porque ciertos agentes son exitosos. Por decirlo de alguna manera, usamos estas herramientas para tratar de encontrar "huellas" de las estrategias de los agentes en las series de tiempo que son generadas a partir de su actividad en los mercados. Esta metodología puede verse a su vez como una conversión del problema a uno de clasificación, en donde se pretende corroborar que agentes con ganancias similares se encuentran en una misma región de un espacio discreto multidimensional, constituido por variables derivadas de los datos de las operaciones del mercado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[It has become increasingly common to model financial markets using frameworks which better capture their behavior than the excessively simplistic traditional frameworks. Key concepts in these new frameworks are evolution, complex systems and data mining, each with their associated characteristic analysis. In particular, data mining provides extremely useful tools for potentially extracting knowledge from the huge quantity of data available in financial markets. In this paper we present a new methodology for inferring, using market data, whether or not agents with similar performance are using similar trading strategies and by that to try to understand why certain agents are more successful than others. Put another way, we use data mining to look for "footprints", in the time series of price, that characterize the distinct trading strategies, and that are generated by their trading activity. One way to look at this is as a classification problem, where we try to classify agents with similar performance, determining if they are found in the same region of a discrete, multi-dimensional space composed of variables that are derived from the market data.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Minería de datos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estrategias de mercado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis bayesiano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[evolución]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[adaptación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[predicción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Data mining]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[trading strategy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bayesian analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[evolution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[adaptation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[prediction]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Art&iacute;culos</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Develando estrategias de mercado: miner&iacute;a de datos aplicada al an&aacute;lisis de mercados financieros</b></font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b>Inferring Market Strategies: Applying Data&#45;Mining to Analysis of Financial Markets</b></font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Jos&eacute; Luis Gordillo&#45;Ruiz<sup>1</sup>, Enrique Mart&iacute;nez&#45;Miranda<sup>2</sup> y Christopher R. Stephens<sup>3</sup></b></font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup><i>1</i></sup> <i>Direcci&oacute;n de C&oacute;mputo y Tecnolog&iacute;as de la Informaci&oacute;n y la Comunicaci&oacute;n, UNAM, D.F., M&eacute;xico</i> <a href="mailto:jlgr@super.unam.mx">jlgr@super.unam.mx</a></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup><i>2</i></sup> <i>C3 &#45; Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, UNAM, D.F., M&eacute;xico</i> <a href="mailto:enrique_mayhem@yahoo.com.mx">enrique_mayhem@yahoo.com.mx</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup><i>3</i></sup> <i>Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, C3 &#45; Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, UNAM, D.F., M&eacute;xico</i> <a href="mailto:stephens@nucleares.unam.mx">stephens@nucleares.unam.mx</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Art&iacute;culo recibido el 08/12/2010.    <br> 	Aceptado el 16/01/2012.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En los &uacute;ltimos a&ntilde;os se han venido desarrollando marcos de estudio que intentan describir a los mercados financieros con mayor apego a la realidad que los marcos tradicionales, excesivamente simplificadores. En estos marcos se incluyen herramientas conceptuales y de an&aacute;lisis como evoluci&oacute;n, sistemas complejos y miner&iacute;a de datos, entre otras. En particular, la miner&iacute;a de datos proporciona herramientas para extraer informaci&oacute;n a partir de la gran cantidad de datos que se generan del funcionamiento de los mercados financieros. En este trabajo, se presenta una metodolog&iacute;a para inferir, a partir de los datos de un mercado, si participantes con resultados similares tienen estrategias similares y as&iacute; intentar entender porque ciertos agentes son exitosos. Por decirlo de alguna manera, usamos estas herramientas para tratar de encontrar "huellas" de las estrategias de los agentes en las series de tiempo que son generadas a partir de su actividad en los mercados. Esta metodolog&iacute;a puede verse a su vez como una conversi&oacute;n del problema a uno de clasificaci&oacute;n, en donde se pretende corroborar que agentes con ganancias similares se encuentran en una misma regi&oacute;n de un espacio discreto multidimensional, constituido por variables derivadas de los datos de las operaciones del mercado.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave:</b> Miner&iacute;a de datos, estrategias de mercado, an&aacute;lisis bayesiano, evoluci&oacute;n, adaptaci&oacute;n, predicci&oacute;n.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">It has become increasingly common to model financial markets using frameworks which better capture their behavior than the excessively simplistic traditional frameworks. Key concepts in these new frameworks are evolution, complex systems and data mining, each with their associated characteristic analysis. In particular, data mining provides extremely useful tools for potentially extracting knowledge from the huge quantity of data available in financial markets. In this paper we present a new methodology for inferring, using market data, whether or not agents with similar performance are using similar trading strategies and by that to try to understand why certain agents are more successful than others. Put another way, we use data mining to look for "footprints", in the time series of price, that characterize the distinct trading strategies, and that are generated by their trading activity. One way to look at this is as a classification problem, where we try to classify agents with similar performance, determining if they are found in the same region of a discrete, multi&#45;dimensional space composed of variables that are derived from the market data.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Data mining, trading strategy, Bayesian analysis, evolution, adaptation, prediction.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/cys/v16n2/v16n2a8.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Agradecimientos</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Los autores agradecen el financiamiento de CONACYT a trav&eacute;s de los proyectos "Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad" y "Red Tem&aacute;tica de Complejidad, Ciencia y Sociedad", as&iacute; como al proyecto UNAM&#45;PAPIIT IN120509.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
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