<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-5546</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Computación y Sistemas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Comp. y Sist.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-5546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Computación]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-55462011000100008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A Statistical comparative analysis of Simulated Annealing and Variable Neighborhood Search for the Geographic Clustering Problem]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Un análisis estadístico comparativo de recocido simulado y búsqueda de vecindad variable para el problema de agregación geográfica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernábe Loranca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa Rosales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osorio Lama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A04"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Facultad de Ciencias de la Computación ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Puebla ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Puebla]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Departamento de Sistemas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Distrito Federal]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A04">
<institution><![CDATA[,Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Facultad de Ingeniería Química ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Puebla]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>295</fpage>
<lpage>308</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-55462011000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-55462011000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-55462011000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This paper describes a factorial statistical study that compares the quality of solutions produced by two heuristics: Simulated Annealing (SA) and Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS). These methods are used to solve the Geographic Clustering Problem (GCP), and the quality of the solutions produced for specific times has been compared. With the goal of comparing the quality of the solutions, where both heuristics participate in an impartial evaluation, time has been the only common element considered for VNS and SA. At this point, two factorial experiments were designed and the corresponding parameters for each heuristic were carefully modeled leaving time as the cost function. In instances of 24 objects, the experiments involved the execution of two sets of tests recording the results of the different response times and the associated values of the objective function for each heuristic and instance conditions. The solution to this problem requires a partitioning process where each group is composed of objects that fulfill better the objective: the minimum accumulated distance from the objects to the centroid of each group. The GCP is a combinatorial NP-hard problem (Bação, Lobo and Painho, 2004).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Este artículo describe un estudio estadístico factorial para comparar la calidad de las soluciones de dos heurísticas: Recocido Simulado (RS) y Búsqueda en Entorno Variable (BEV). Estos métodos son usados para resolver el problema de agregación geográfica, y se han comparado de acuerdo a la calidad de las soluciones obtenidas en tiempos específicos estimados. Con el objetivo de comparar la calidad de las soluciones, donde las dos heurísticas participen en una evaluación equitativa, se ha considerado el tiempo como el único elemento común para BEV y RS. En este punto, se diseñaron dos experimentos factoriales donde se modelaron cuidadosamente los parámetros correspondientes para cada heurística dejando como función de costo al tiempo. Estos experimentos implicaron la ejecución de dos conjuntos de pruebas para instancias de 24 objetos registrándose los resultados de los diferentes tiempos de respuesta y los valores asociados de la función objetivo para cada heurística. La solución a este problema requiere un proceso de particionamiento donde cada grupo está formado de objetos que cumplen mejor con el objetivo: la distancia mínima acumulada de los objetos al centroide en cada grupo. El problema de agregación geográfica es combinatorio NP-duro (Bação, Lobo and Painho, 2004).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Algorithms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Design]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Experimentation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Geographic Clustering Problem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Heuristics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Algoritmos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diseño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Experimentación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Problema de Agrupamiento Geográfico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Heurísticas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Art&iacute;culos</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>A Statistical comparative analysis of Simulated Annealing and Variable Neighborhood Search for the Geographic Clustering Problem</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b>Un an&aacute;lisis estad&iacute;stico comparativo de recocido simulado y b&uacute;squeda de vecindad variable para el problema de agregaci&oacute;n geogr&aacute;fica</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Beatriz Bern&aacute;be Loranca<sup>1</sup>, Jos&eacute; E. Espinosa Rosales<sup>2</sup>, Javier Ram&iacute;rez Rodr&iacute;guez<sup>3</sup> and Mar&iacute;a A. Osorio Lama<sup>4</sup></b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup><i>1</i></sup><i> Facultad de Ciencias de la Computaci&oacute;n, Benem&eacute;rita Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla, Puebla, M&eacute;xico. Email:</i> <a href="mailto:beatriz.bernabe@gmail.com">beatriz.bernabe@gmail.com</a></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup><i>2</i></sup><i> Facultad de Ciencias F&iacute;sico Matem&aacute;ticas, Benem&eacute;rita Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla, Puebla, M&eacute;xico. Email:</i> <a href="mailto:espinosa@fcfm.buap.mx">espinosa@fcfm.buap.mx</a></font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup><i>3</i></sup><i> Departamento de Sistemas, Universidad Aut&oacute;noma Metropolitana, Distrito Federal, M&eacute;xico. Email:</i> <a href="mailto:jararo@correo.azc.uam.mx">jararo@correo.azc.uam.mx</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup><i>4</i></sup><i> Facultad de Ingenier&iacute;a Qu&iacute;mica, Benem&eacute;rita Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla, Puebla, M&eacute;xico. Email:</i> <a href="mailto:mariauxosorio@gmail.com">mariauxosorio@gmail.com</a></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Article received on October 23, 2009    <br>      Accepted on May 06, 2010</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">This paper describes a factorial statistical study that compares the quality of solutions produced by two heuristics: Simulated Annealing (SA) and Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS). These methods are used to solve the Geographic Clustering Problem (GCP), and the quality of the solutions produced for specific times has been compared. With the goal of comparing the quality of the solutions, where both heuristics participate in an impartial evaluation, time has been the only common element considered for VNS and SA. At this point, two factorial experiments were designed and the corresponding parameters for each heuristic were carefully modeled leaving time as the cost function. In instances of 24 objects, the experiments involved the execution of two sets of tests recording the results of the different response times and the associated values of the objective function for each heuristic and instance conditions. The solution to this problem requires a partitioning process where each group is composed of objects that fulfill better the objective: the minimum accumulated distance from the objects to the centroid of each group. The GCP is a combinatorial NP&#150;hard problem (Ba&ccedil;&atilde;o, Lobo and Painho, 2004).</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Algorithms, Design, Experimentation, Geographic Clustering Problem, Heuristics.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Este art&iacute;culo describe un estudio estad&iacute;stico factorial para comparar la calidad de las soluciones de dos heur&iacute;sticas: Recocido Simulado (RS) y B&uacute;squeda en Entorno Variable (BEV). Estos m&eacute;todos son usados para resolver el problema de agregaci&oacute;n geogr&aacute;fica, y se han comparado de acuerdo a la calidad de las soluciones obtenidas en tiempos espec&iacute;ficos estimados. Con el objetivo de comparar la calidad de las soluciones, donde las dos heur&iacute;sticas participen en una evaluaci&oacute;n equitativa, se ha considerado el tiempo como el &uacute;nico elemento com&uacute;n para BEV y RS. En este punto, se dise&ntilde;aron dos experimentos factoriales donde se modelaron cuidadosamente los par&aacute;metros correspondientes para cada heur&iacute;stica dejando como funci&oacute;n de costo al tiempo. Estos experimentos implicaron la ejecuci&oacute;n de dos conjuntos de pruebas para instancias de 24 objetos registr&aacute;ndose los resultados de los diferentes tiempos de respuesta y los valores asociados de la funci&oacute;n objetivo para cada heur&iacute;stica. La soluci&oacute;n a este problema requiere un proceso de particionamiento donde cada grupo est&aacute; formado de objetos que cumplen mejor con el objetivo: la distancia m&iacute;nima acumulada de los objetos al centroide en cada grupo. El problema de agregaci&oacute;n geogr&aacute;fica es combinatorio NP&#150;duro (Ba&ccedil;&atilde;o, Lobo and Painho, 2004). </font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave: </b>Algoritmos, Dise&ntilde;o, Experimentaci&oacute;n, Problema de Agrupamiento Geogr&aacute;fico, Heur&iacute;sticas.</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/cys/v14n3/v14n3a8.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a> </font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p> 	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p> 	    <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>1. Ba&ccedil;&atilde;o, F., Lobo, V. &amp; Painho, M. 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