<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-5546</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Computación y Sistemas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Comp. y Sist.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-5546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Computación]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-55462010000100002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Time Coordination by Time Adaptive Function]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Coordinación de Relevadores de Sobrecorriente con Funciones Adaptativas de Tiempo]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conde Enríquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Monterrey NL]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Prolec GE  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Monterrey NL]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2010</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>247</fpage>
<lpage>256</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-55462010000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-55462010000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-55462010000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[This paper presents a new coordination process for time overcurrent relays. The purpose of the coordination is to find a time element function that allows it to operate using a constant back-up time delay for any fault current. Then, a simple methodology is proposed that improves the time coordination even with the presence of distributed generation. Experiments were carried out in a laboratory test situation using signals from a power electrical system physics simulator. A virtual prototype of the time overcurrent relay with adaptive algorithms was developed using real time acquired signals. The tests showed the enhanced performance of the overcurrent relay.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este artículo se presenta un nuevo proceso de coordinación de relevadores de sobrecorriente de tiempo inverso. El objetivo del proceso de coordinación propuesto es determinar una función de tiempo que permita un intervalo constante de tiempo de respaldo para cualquier valor de corriente de falla. Se propone una metodología que mejora la coordinación aun con la presencia de generación distribuida. Se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio usando señales provenientes de un simulador físico de sistemas eléctricos de potencia. Se desarrolló un prototipo virtual de un relevador de sobrecorriente con los algoritmos adaptativos propuestos y se realizó la validación de los mismos usando señales en tiempo real. Las pruebas realizadas mostraron un mejor desempeño del relevador de sobrecorriente.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Time overcurrent relay]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coordination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[distributed generation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Relevador de tiempo inverso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[coordinación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[generación distribuida]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Art&iacute;culos</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Time Coordination by Time Adaptive Function</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b><i>Coordinaci&oacute;n de Relevadores de Sobrecorriente con Funciones Adaptativas de Tiempo</i></b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Arturo Conde Enr&iacute;quez<sup>1*</sup>, Ernesto V&aacute;zquez Mart&iacute;nez<sup>1**</sup> and Juan Carlos Escobar Mart&iacute;nez<sup>2</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>1 </sup><i>Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Nuevo Le&oacute;n, Monterrey, NL, M&eacute;xico. </i><sup>*</sup><a href="mailto:con_de@yahoo.com">con_de@yahoo.com</a>, <sup>**</sup><a href="mailto:evm@ieee.org">evm@ieee.org</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><sup>2 </sup><i>Prolec GE in technology development, Monterrey, NL, M&eacute;xico. </i><a href="mailto:Juan.Escobar@ge.com">Juan.Escobar@ge.com</a></font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Article received on May 09, 2007    <br> Accepted on December 04, 2008</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">This paper presents a new coordination process for time overcurrent relays. The purpose of the coordination is to find a time element function that allows it to operate using a constant back&#150;up time delay for any fault current. Then, a simple methodology is proposed that improves the time coordination even with the presence of distributed generation. Experiments were carried out in a laboratory test situation using signals from a power electrical system physics simulator. A virtual prototype of the time overcurrent relay with adaptive algorithms was developed using real time acquired signals. The tests showed the enhanced performance of the overcurrent relay.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Time overcurrent relay, coordination, distributed generation.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este art&iacute;culo se presenta un nuevo proceso de coordinaci&oacute;n de relevadores de sobrecorriente de tiempo inverso. El objetivo del proceso de coordinaci&oacute;n propuesto es determinar una funci&oacute;n de tiempo que permita un intervalo constante de tiempo de respaldo para cualquier valor de corriente de falla. Se propone una metodolog&iacute;a que mejora la coordinaci&oacute;n aun con la presencia de generaci&oacute;n distribuida. Se realizaron pruebas de laboratorio usando se&ntilde;ales provenientes de un simulador f&iacute;sico de sistemas el&eacute;ctricos de potencia. Se desarroll&oacute; un prototipo virtual de un relevador de sobrecorriente con los algoritmos adaptativos propuestos y se realiz&oacute; la validaci&oacute;n de los mismos usando se&ntilde;ales en tiempo real. Las pruebas realizadas mostraron un mejor desempe&ntilde;o del relevador de sobrecorriente.</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave: </b>Relevador de tiempo inverso, coordinaci&oacute;n, generaci&oacute;n distribuida.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/cys/v13n3/v13n3a2.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. <b>Girgis, A. &amp; Brahma, S. (2001). </b>Effect of distributed generation on protective device coordination in distribution system. <i>Power Engineering, 2001. 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