<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-5546</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Computación y Sistemas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Comp. y Sist.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-5546</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro de Investigación en Computación]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-55462009000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Una Plataforma de Control Basado en Visión para la Rehabilitación de Robots Manipuladores de Tipo Industrial]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A vision based control platform for Industrial Robot Rehabilitation]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rendón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maya Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Luis Potosí S.L.P.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cuernavaca Morelos]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>409</fpage>
<lpage>420</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-55462009000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-55462009000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-55462009000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[En este artículo se describe el desarrollo de una plataforma de control basado en visión para robots manipuladores de tipo industrial. Uno de los objetivos del control basado en visión es habilitar a los robots manipuladores para realizar tareas complejas diversas de manera genérica y en ambientes no estructurados. Adicionalmente de buscar este objetivo, la plataforma que se presenta reúne dos características importantes: a) reemplaza al control de origen, por lo que no es necesario que el robot cuente con un controlador funcional y b) el control implementado es robusto a errores en el modelo cinemático del robot, errores ocasionados ya sea por inexactitud en los parámetros del modelo cinemático y/o por desgaste moderado de las piezas mecánicas. Las ventajas citadas hacen que la plataforma propuesta sea aplicable tanto a robots nuevos como usados habilitándolos para la realización de tareas complejas y alargando su vida útil. En suma, la implementación de esta plataforma permite una disminución de costos y una mejora de beneficios en la utilización de robots comerciales para la realización de procesos industriales. La plataforma de control desarrollada fue validada experimentalmente con un robot industrial PUMA 761.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[In this paper a development of a visually based control platform for industrial robots is described. One of the objectives of a vision based control is to enable robotic manipulators to execute diverse complex tasks in non structured environments. Additionally to this aim, this platform presents two important characteristics: a) replaces the original controller, thus it is not required that the manipulator has a functional controller, and b) the applied control strategy is robust to errors in the characterization of the kinematics model of the robot, errors caused either by inaccuracy in the parameters of the model or due to the moderate deterioration of the mechanical parts. These advantages enable robotic manipulators to accomplish complex tasks and/or extending their useful life. In sum, the implementation of this platform allows a reduction of costs and an improvement of benefits in the commercial use of robotic manipulators for the accomplishment of industrial processes. The developed control platform was validated experimentally with a PUMA 761 robot.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Robot manipulador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Control basado en visión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Manipulación en espacio de cámara]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rehabilitación de robots]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vision based control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Camera space manipulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Retrofit of industrial manipulators]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Art&iacute;culos</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Una Plataforma de Control Basado en Visi&oacute;n para la Rehabilitaci&oacute;n de Robots Manipuladores de Tipo Industrial</b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="3"><b><i>A vision based control platform for Industrial Robot Rehabilitation</i></b></font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Marco A. Garc&iacute;a<sup>1*</sup>, Antonio C&aacute;rdenas<sup>1**</sup>, Juan M. Rend&oacute;n<sup>2</sup> and Mauro Maya M&eacute;ndez<sup>1***</sup></b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>1</sup> Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de San Luis Potos&iacute;, Av. Manuel Nava 8, C.P. 78290, San Luis Potos&iacute;, S.L.P. E&#150;mails: <a href="mailto:marcogr23@gmail.com">marcogr23@gmail.com</a>* ;   <a href="mailto:jcardena@uaslp.mx">jcardena@uaslp.mx</a>** ;   <a href="mailto:mauro.maya@uaslp.mx">mauro.maya@uaslp.mx</a>***.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>2</sup> Universidad Aut&oacute;noma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos. E&#150;mail: <a href="mailto:rendon@uaem.mx">rendon@uaem.mx</a></i>.</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Art&iacute;culo recibido en Marzo 10, 2008    <br> Aceptado en Septiembre 04, 2008</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">En este art&iacute;culo se describe el desarrollo de una plataforma de control basado en visi&oacute;n para robots manipuladores de tipo industrial. Uno de los objetivos del control basado en visi&oacute;n es habilitar a los robots manipuladores para realizar tareas complejas diversas de manera gen&eacute;rica y en ambientes no estructurados. Adicionalmente de buscar este objetivo, la plataforma que se presenta re&uacute;ne dos caracter&iacute;sticas importantes: a) reemplaza al control de origen, por lo que no es necesario que el robot cuente con un controlador funcional y b) el control implementado es robusto a errores en el modelo cinem&aacute;tico del robot, errores ocasionados ya sea por inexactitud en los par&aacute;metros del modelo cinem&aacute;tico y/o por desgaste moderado de las piezas mec&aacute;nicas. Las ventajas citadas hacen que la plataforma propuesta sea aplicable tanto a robots nuevos como usados habilit&aacute;ndolos para la realizaci&oacute;n de tareas complejas y alargando su vida &uacute;til. En suma, la implementaci&oacute;n de esta plataforma permite una disminuci&oacute;n de costos y una mejora de beneficios en la utilizaci&oacute;n de robots comerciales para la realizaci&oacute;n de procesos industriales. La plataforma de control desarrollada fue validada experimentalmente con un robot industrial PUMA 761.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave: </b>Robot manipulador, Control basado en visi&oacute;n, Manipulaci&oacute;n en espacio de c&aacute;mara, Rehabilitaci&oacute;n de robots.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">In this paper a development of a visually based control platform for industrial robots is described. One of the objectives of a vision based control is to enable robotic manipulators to execute diverse complex tasks in non structured environments. Additionally to this aim, this platform presents two important characteristics: a) replaces the original controller, thus it is not required that the manipulator has a functional controller, and b) the applied control strategy is robust to errors in the characterization of the kinematics model of the robot, errors caused either by inaccuracy in the parameters of the model or due to the moderate deterioration of the mechanical parts. These advantages enable robotic manipulators to accomplish complex tasks and/or extending their useful life. In sum, the implementation of this platform allows a reduction of costs and an improvement of benefits in the commercial use of robotic manipulators for the accomplishment of industrial processes. The developed control platform was validated experimentally with a PUMA 761 robot.</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords: </b>Vision based control, Camera space manipulation, Retrofit of industrial manipulators.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/cys/v12n4/v12n4a4.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Reconocimientos</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Al Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog&iacute;a (CONACYT) por la beca de estudios otorgada a Marco A. Garc&iacute;a. Este trabajo ha sido parcialmente patrocinado por el CONACYT y CUDI, 100/328/04 C&#150;428&#150;04; Los autores agradecen tambi&eacute;n al Fondo de Apoyo a la Investigaci&oacute;n (FAI) CO6&#150;FAI&#150;03&#150;9.12 y al fondo del PROMEP para el desarrollo del cuerpo acad&eacute;mico UASLP&#150;CA&#150;78.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Referencias</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. <b>Becerra, V.M.; Cage, C.N.J.; Harwin, W.S.; Sharkey, P.M. </b>"Hardware retrofit and computed torque control of a Puma 560 Robot updating an industrial manipulator". Control Systems Magazine, IEEE; Volumen 24, N&uacute;mero 5, P&aacute;gina(s): 78 &#150; 82, Oct. 2004.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047202&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. <b>Moreira N., Alvito P., Lima P. </b>"First steps towards an open control architecture for a PUMA 560". Proc. 2nd Portuguese Conf. On Automatic Control. Porto (Portugal), Septiembre 11&#150;13 1996.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047203&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3. <b>A. Valera, M. Vall&eacute;s, J.L. D&iacute;ez, R. Piz&aacute;, A. S&aacute;nchez. </b>"Utilizaci&oacute;n de Sensorizaci&oacute;n Externa en Rob&oacute;tica". XXIV Jornadas de Autom&aacute;tica, Espa&ntilde;a, ISBN: 84&#150;931846&#150;7&#150;5, Septiembre, 2003.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047204&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4. <b>Yanfei Liu; Hoover, A.W.; Walker, I.D. </b>"A timing model for vision&#150;based control of industrial robot manipulators". Transactions on Robotics, IEEE. Volumen 20, N&uacute;mero 5, P&aacute;gina(s): 891 &#150; 898, Octubre 2004.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047205&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5. <b>Ahmet Denker and Tugrul Adig&uuml;zel. </b>"Vision Based Robotic Interception in Industrial Manipulation Tasks". International Journal of Computational Intelligence. Volumen 3, N&uacute;mero 4, P&aacute;gina(s): 296&#150;302.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047206&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">6. <b>Markus S. Loffler, Vilas K. Chitrakaran, and Darren M. Dawson. </b>"Design and Implementation of the Robotic Platform". Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, Springer. ISSN 0921&#150;0296 (Print) 1573&#150;0409 (En l&iacute;nea). Volumen 39, N&uacute;mero 1, P&aacute;gina(s): 105&#150;129, 2004.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047207&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400006&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">7. <b>Seelinger MJ. </b>"&laquo;Point&#150;and&#150;Click&raquo; Camera&#150;Space Manipulation and some Fundamental Issues regarding the Control of Robots using Vision". Tesis Doctoral. Universidad de Notre Dame, Notre Dame IN, P&aacute;gina(s): 14&#150;19, 1999.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047208&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400007&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">8. <b>Hutchinson S., Hager G. D., Corke P. I.</b>, "A tutorial on visual servo control", IEEE Trans. on Robotics and Automation, Volumen 12, P&aacute;gina(s): 651&#151;670, Octubre 1996.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047209&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400008&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">9. <b>Zhang, Z, </b>"A flexible new technique for a camera calibration". IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence, Vol. 22,N&uacute;mero 11, P&aacute;gina(s): 1330&#150;1334, 2000.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047210&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400009&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">10. <b>Gonz&aacute;lez  Galv&aacute;n, Emilio  Jorge,  Cruz Ram&iacute;rez,  Sergio  Rolando  y  Dur&aacute;n  Garc&iacute;a, H&eacute;ctor Mart&iacute;n. </b>"Aplicaci&oacute;n de sensores m&uacute;ltiples para el posicionamiento tridimensional de robots usando visi&oacute;n". INCI, Volumen 26, N&uacute;mero 11, P&aacute;gina(s) 541&#150;546, nov. 2001.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047211&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400010&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">11. <b>Skaar SB, Brockman WH, Jan WS. </b>"Three dimensional camera space manipulation". International Journal of Robotics Research, Volumen 9, N&uacute;mero 4, P&aacute;gina(s):22&#150;39, Agosto 1990.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047212&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400011&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">12. <b>C&aacute;rdenas A, Seelinger M, Goodwine B, Skaar SB, </b>"Vision&#150;Based Control of a Mobile Base and On&#150;Board Arm", Intenational Journal of Robotic Research, Volumen 22, N&uacute;mero 9, P&aacute;gina(s): 667&#150;698, Septiembre 2003.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047213&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400012&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">13. <b>Qun Ma, C&aacute;rdenas A, Goodwine William, Skaar SB. </b>"Supervisory Control of a Mobile Robot Using Point&#150;and&#150;Click Mobile Camera&#150;Space Manipulation" Proceeding of World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics. Volumen 9, P&aacute;gina(s):38&#150;43, Julio 2000.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047214&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400013&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">14. <b>Hartley, R. I. and Zisserman, A, </b>"Multiple view geometry in computer vision", Cambridge University Press. 2004.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047215&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">15. <b>Rend&oacute;n, Juan M, Garc&iacute;a, Marco A, C&aacute;rdenas, Antonio, Lara, Bruno, Gonz&aacute;lez&#150;Galv&aacute;n, Emilio </b>"Robot Positioning using Camera&#150;Space Manipulation with a Linear Camera Model" Enviado a IEEE Transactions on Robotics. Actualmente en revisi&oacute;n, 2007.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047216&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">16. <b>Cessati M, Bovet DP </b>"DMC&#150;1700/1800 User Manual" Disponible en l&iacute;nea: <a href="http://www.galil.com/" target="_blank">http://www.galil.com</a>, 2004.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047217&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">17. <b>Chen, Huadong Sam, </b>"Error Analysis of Camera&#150;Space Manipulation" PHD Thesis. Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering. Notre Dame, 2007.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=2047218&pid=S1405-5546200900020000400017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> ]]></body><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becerra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.N.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harwin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharkey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Hardware retrofit and computed torque control of a Puma 560 Robot updating an industrial manipulator"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Control Systems Magazine]]></source>
<year>Oct.</year>
<month> 2</month>
<day>00</day>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>78 - 82</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[IEEE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["First steps towards an open control architecture for a PUMA 560"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year></year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Proc. 2nd Portuguese Conf. On Automatic Control. Porto]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>Septiembre 11-13 1996</conf-date>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vallés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pizá]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Utilización de Sensorización Externa en Robótica"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>Sept</year>
<month>ie</month>
<day>mb</day>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ XXIV Jornadas de Automática]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yanfei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liu]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoover]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["A timing model for vision-based control of industrial robot manipulators"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Transactions on Robotics]]></source>
<year>Octu</year>
<month>br</month>
<day>e </day>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>891 - 898</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[IEEE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Denker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ahmet]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adigüzel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tugrul]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Vision Based Robotic Interception in Industrial Manipulation Tasks"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Computational Intelligence]]></source>
<year></year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>296-302</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loffler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Markus S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chitrakaran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vilas K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dawson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Darren M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Design and Implementation of the Robotic Platform"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>105-129</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seelinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["«Point-and-Click» Camera-Space Manipulation and some Fundamental Issues regarding the Control of Robots using Vision"]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<page-range>14-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hutchinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hager]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["A tutorial on visual servo control"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Trans. on Robotics and Automation]]></source>
<year>Octu</year>
<month>br</month>
<day>e </day>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>651-670</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["A flexible new technique for a camera calibration"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1330-1334</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Galván]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emilio Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio Rolando]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA["Aplicación de sensores múltiples para el posicionamiento tridimensional de robots usando visión"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[INCI]]></source>
<year>nov.</year>
<month> 2</month>
<day>00</day>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>541-546</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skaar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brockman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WS.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Three dimensional camera space manipulation"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Robotics Research]]></source>
<year>Agos</year>
<month>to</month>
<day> 1</day>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>22-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seelinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goodwine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skaar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Vision-Based Control of a Mobile Base and On-Board Arm"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Intenational Journal of Robotic Research]]></source>
<year>Sept</year>
<month>ie</month>
<day>mb</day>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>667-698</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ma]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goodwine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[William]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skaar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Supervisory Control of a Mobile Robot Using Point-and-Click Mobile Camera-Space Manipulation"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceeding of World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics]]></source>
<year>Juli</year>
<month>o </month>
<day>20</day>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>38-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zisserman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["Multiple view geometry in computer vision"]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rendón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bruno]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Galván]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emilio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA["Robot Positioning using Camera-Space Manipulation with a Linear Camera Model"]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[IEEE Transactions on Robotics]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cessati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bovet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["DMC-1700/1800 User Manual"]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Huadong Sam]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA["Error Analysis of Camera-Space Manipulation"]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
