Herramientas Multicriterio Lineales Enteras Mixtas para Problemas de Localización – Una Revisión Crítica Actualizada Ilustrada con un SAD Bicriterio
Maria Eugénia Captivo1 and João Namorado Clímaco2
1 Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências and Centro de Investigação Operacional, Campo Grande, Bloco C6, Piso 4, 1749–016 Lisboa, PORTUGAL e–mail: mecaptivo@fc.ul.pt
2 Faculdade de Economia and INESC – Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, Av. Dias da Silva, 3004–512 Coimbra, PORTUGAL e–mail: jclimaco@fe.uc.pt
Article received on April 05, 2008 ]]> Accepted on August 12, 2008
Abstract
Location problems are, in general, multidimensional in nature, particularly if sustainable development planning is required. So, multicriteria approaches seem adequate in many situations. Nevertheless, only a very small percentage of the publications in this area concern multicriteria models or tools. Generally, the different criteria are formulated as constraints imposing some minimum or maximum value, or are addressed by a surrogate criterion (like distance) on a single objective structure.
In this paper we outline the more relevant multicriteria mixed–integer location models and approaches taking into account several issues. The adequacy of the available models to reality is discussed. We also put in evidence the importance of interactive approaches, namely, discussing a decision support tool in which we are co–authors.
Keywords: Multicriteria Location, Mixed Integer Linear Programming, Interactive Approaches, Decision Support Systems
Resumen
Los problemas de localización son, en general, multidimensionales, sobre todo cuando se pretende desarrollar una planificación sostenible. De esta forma, los enfoques multicriterio son adecuados en muchas situaciones prácticas. Sin embargo, solo un pequeño porcentaje de publicaciones de esta área se focalizan en modelos o técnicas multicriterio.
En general, los diferentes criterios son introducidos en el modelo como restricciones que imponen algún valor máximo o mínimo, o que son enfocadas por un criterio sustituto (por ejemplo una distancia) en una estructura de apenas una función objetivo.
]]> En este trabajo, hacemos una revisión de los modelos mixtos de localización multicriterio más importantes, así como de las técnicas que consideran algunas cuestiones importantes. También se evalúa la adecuación de los modelos existentes a la realidad. Destacamos la importancia de los planteamientos interactivos, en particular discutimos una herramienta de soporte a la decisión de la cual también somos autores.Palabras Clave: Localización Multicriterio, Programación Lineal Entera Mixta, Aproximaciones Interactivas, Sistemas de Apoyo para la Toma de Decisiones
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Acknowledgements
Maria Eugénia Captivo was partially supported by the project POCTI/ISFL–1/152 and João Namorado Clímaco was partially supported by the project POSI/ISFL–13/308.
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