<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1405-3195</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agrociencia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agrociencia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1405-3195</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio de Postgraduados]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1405-31952016000200239</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Velocidad de absorción del glufosinato y sus efectos en malezas y algodón]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Absorption velocity of glufosinate and its effects on weeds and cotton]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ilca Puertas de Freitas e]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carbonari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Caio Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edivaldo Domingues]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josué Ferreira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tropaldi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giovanna Larissa Gimenes Cotrick]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual Paulista &#8220;Julio de Mesquita Filho&#8221; Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Botucatu SP]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>239</fpage>
<lpage>249</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1405-31952016000200239&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1405-31952016000200239&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1405-31952016000200239&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El glufosinato de amonio, un inhibidor de la enzima glutamina sintetasa (GS), es uno de los herbicidas más importantes para el cultivo de algodón y se utiliza para el control de malezas en aplicaciones de rociado dirigido, indicadas para cultivares convencionales. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la velocidad de absorción del glufosinato de amonio y sus efectos sobre las malas hierbas y las plantas de algodón (Gossypium hirsutum L.). El estudio se realizó en un invernadero con el cultivar de algodón FiberMax 910 y las malezas Brachiaria decumbens e Ipomoea grandifolia. El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar y los tratamientos fueron: el herbicida glufosinato de amonio (0.4 kg a.i. ha-1); cinco períodos antes de una lluvia simulada (tiempos de absorción) (1, 3, 6, 24 y 48 h entre la aplicación de herbicidas y la lluvia simulada); un testigo sin herbicida; y cuatro repeticiones por tratamiento. Las plantas se cosecharon 2 d después de la aplicación de herbicidas para cuantificar su contenido de amoniaco, glutamina y glufosinato. La lesión visual de los vegetales se cuantificó a los 1, 3, 6, 8 y 10 d después de la aplicación (DDA) del glufosinato de amonio usando una escala de porcentaje de daños. Los análisis de regresión se realizaron con base en los resultados y se estableció un error estándar (mediante la prueba t, p&#8804;0.05) para los promedios. La absorción de glufosinato de amonio aumentó hasta 24 h en el algodón, y 48 h en B. decumbens e I. grandifolia. A pesar del aumento en los niveles de glufosinato en 48 h sin períodos de lluvia, el contenido de amoníaco se incrementó y la glutamina se redujo entre 1 y 6 h sin lluvias. Además, las tres especies presentan lesiones graves a partir de 3 h sin lluvia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Glufosinate ammonium, an inhibitor of the enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS), is one of the most important herbicides for cotton cultivation and it is utilized for weed management in directed spray applications indicated for conventional cultivars. This study aimed to evaluate the absorption velocity of glufosinate ammonium and its effects on weed and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants. The study was carried out in a greenhouse with the cotton cultivar FiberMax 910 and the weeds Brachiaria decumbens and Ipomoea grandifolia. The experimental design was completely randomized and treatments were: the herbicide glufosinate ammonium (0.4 kg a.i. ha-1); five periods before a simulated rain (times for absorption) (1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h between herbicide application and simulated rain); a control without herbicide; and four repetitions per treatment. Plants were harvested 2 d after herbicide application to quantify their contents of ammonia, glutamine and glufosinate. Visual injury of plants was quantified at 1, 3, 6, 8 and 10 d after application (DAA) of glufosinate ammonium using a percentage scale for damages. Regression analyses were performed on the results and a standard error (by t test; p&#8804;0.05) was established for the means. Glufosinate ammonium absorption increased up to 24 h in cotton, and 48 h in B. decumbens and I. grandifolia. Despite the increase in glufosinate levels in 48 h without rain periods, the contents of ammonia were increased and glutamine was reduced between 1 and 6 h without rains. In addition, the three species presented severe injuries starting at 3 h without rain.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Malas hierbas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Gossypium hirsutum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[herbicidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modo de acción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Weeds]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gossypium hirsutum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[herbicide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mode of action]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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