<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0484-7903</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de anestesiología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. anestesiol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0484-7903</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Anestesiología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0484-79032025000300188</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/120427</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Realidad virtual y anestesia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Virtual reality and anesthesia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guillén-Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pellecer-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lourdes Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nájera-Aranzábal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garduño-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Lilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta-Garduño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Felipa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición «Salvador Zubirán» Hospital Ángeles Acoxpa ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición «Salvador Zubirán»  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición «Salvador Zubirán»  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición «Salvador Zubirán» Departamento de Desarrollo y Tecnología VML ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición «Salvador Zubirán» Departamento de Anestesiología y Coordinadora de Unidad de Dolor Postoperatorio ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>188</fpage>
<lpage>192</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0484-79032025000300188&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0484-79032025000300188&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0484-79032025000300188&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: La realidad médica extendida (RMX), abarca la realidad virtual (RV), realidad aumentada (RA) y realidad mixta (RM), es una tecnología que está revolucionando la enseñanza de la anestesiología y de la medicina. En anestesiología, la RMX se aplica en la simulación de broncoscopías, intubación traqueal, anestesia regional y colocación de catéteres venosos centrales. Ofrece ventajas como un aprendizaje inmersivo y autodidacta, visualización tridimensional, una simulación de alta fidelidad, es accesible, portátil y más económica. Tiene desventajas como la dificultad en su desarrollo (háptica, complejidad anatómica) y, por parte, de los usuarios como resistencia al cambio, efectos adversos (mareo) y falta de evidencia. En México y Latinoamérica, el desarrollo es incipiente, con empresas como Virtual Medical Learning (VML) la RMX se considera una herramienta complementaria a los métodos de enseñanza existentes, con un futuro prometedor en diversas aplicaciones médicas. Aún se encuentra en sus inicios y requiere más investigación para comprender completamente sus alcances y limitaciones.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Extended medical reality (EMR), which encompasses virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR), is a technology that is revolutionizing the teaching of anesthesiology and medicine. In anesthesiology, EMR is applied in the simulation of bronchoscopies, tracheal intubation, regional anesthesia, and central venous catheter placement. It offers advantages such as immersive and self-taught learning, three-dimensional visualization, high-fidelity simulation, and is accessible, portable, and more economical. It has disadvantages such as difficulty in its development (haptics, anatomical complexity), and on the part of users, resistance to change, adverse effects (dizziness), and a lack of evidence. In Mexico and Latin-America, its development is nascent, with companies like VML; EMR is considered a complementary tool to existing teaching methods, with a promising future in various medical applications. It is still in its early stages and requires more research to fully understand its scope and limitations.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[realidad médica extendida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[realidad virtual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[realidad aumentada]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[realidad mixta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[anestesiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medical extended reality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[virtual reality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[augmented reality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mixed reality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[anesthesiology]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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