<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0301-7036</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Problemas del desarrollo]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Prob. Des]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0301-7036</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0301-70362022000200115</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iiec.20078951e.2022.209.69753</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Economic downturns and regional entrepreneurship dynamics in Mexico: trends and policy implications]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Desaceleraciones económicas y dinámica del emprendimiento regional en México: tendencias e implicaciones de política]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Urquidy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>209</numero>
<fpage>115</fpage>
<lpage>157</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0301-70362022000200115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0301-70362022000200115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0301-70362022000200115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article analyzes the role of the economic context determining the entrepreneurial outcomes at state level in Mexico during 2005-2019 and assesses the effects derived from downturns and their implications for employment. It is found that these effects depend on the type of venture, the states' entrepreneurial structures, the ventures' sensibility to the changes of the economic activity and the states' average venture size. To estimate the states' entrepreneurial and employment effects, panel data techniques are used. The results provide insights, not only on the determinants of entrepreneurship but on the relative and absolute impacts derived from economic downturns, bringing policy implications under the crisis context and to different policy purposes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este trabajo analiza el papel del contexto económico en la determinación de los resultados empresariales a nivel estatal de México en el periodo 2005-2019 y evalúa los efectos derivados de las desaceleraciones económicas y sus implicaciones en el empleo. Se halla que estos efectos dependen del tipo de emprendimiento, las estructuras empresariales de los estados, la sensibilidad de los emprendimientos a los cambios de la actividad económica y el tamaño promedio de los emprendimientos de los estados. Para estimar los efectos empresariales y de empleo de los estados se utilizan técnicas de datos panel. Los resultados brindan información, no sólo sobre los determinantes del espíritu empresarial, sino también sobre los impactos relativos y absolutos derivados de las desaceleraciones económicas, lo que trae implicaciones políticas en el contexto de la crisis y para otros propósitos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[entrepreneurship]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[downturns]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[employment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economic development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[emprendimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desaceleración económica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[empleo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desarrollo económico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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