<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0301-7036</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Problemas del desarrollo]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Prob. Des]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0301-7036</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0301-70362021000200079</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iiec.20078951e.2021.205.69636</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Crecimiento económico y distribución del ingreso en Perú]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Economic growth and income distribution in Peru]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varona-Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzales-Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Piura  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>205</numero>
<fpage>79</fpage>
<lpage>107</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0301-70362021000200079&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0301-70362021000200079&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0301-70362021000200079&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En el presente artículo se analizan los determinantes causales de la distribución del ingreso en Perú (DIP) durante el periodo 1985-2017. Se cuenta con evidencia empírica que apoya la hipótesis sobre que el nivel del PIB per cápita y el crecimiento económico ralentizado y no sostenido de la economía ha empeorado la DIP, reflejada en una relación de causalidad en forma de W, no cumpliéndose la hipótesis de U-invertida de Kuznets, que refleja una economía dual con diferencias de productividad, bajos niveles de capital humano y debilidad institucional. Se recomienda equilibrar la relación mercado-Estado-sociedad con políticas de economía de libre mercado y no rentistas, políticas de inversión en capital humano, innovación y tecnología, fortalecimiento del capital social -en la dirección del crecimiento económico endógeno- del desarrollo humano inclusivo y sostenible.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article analyzes the causal determinants of income distribution in Peru (IDP)during the period 1985-2017. There is empirical evidence suggesting that the GDP per capita and the slowed and unsustained economic growth of the economy have negatively impacted IDP. This can be conceptualized as a W-shaped causal relationship, in contrast to Kuznets' inverted-U hypothesis, thus reflecting a dual economy with productivity differences, low levels of human capital, and institutional weakness. This article contributes to the debate by making several recommendations, namely: balancing the market-state-society relationship with free-market and non-rentier economic policies, human capital investment policies, innovation and technology, and strengthening the social capital (geared towards endogenous economic growth) of inclusive and sustainable human development.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Perú]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crecimiento económico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[distribución del ingreso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[coeficiente Gini]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capital humano 1985-2017]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[C51]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[O11]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[O15]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[O41]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[O47]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Peru]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economic growth]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[income distribution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gini coefficient]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[1985-2017]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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