<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0301-7036</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Problemas del desarrollo]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Prob. Des]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0301-7036</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0301-70362021000200003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iiec.20078951e.2021.205.69644</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinantes del gasto de los hogares en salud en México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Determinants of household health spending in Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sáenz-Vela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hada M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzmán-Giraldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángela M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>205</numero>
<fpage>3</fpage>
<lpage>25</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0301-70362021000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0301-70362021000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0301-70362021000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El gasto de bolsillo y catastrófico en México persiste a lo largo de la distribución del ingreso, y la afiliación a determinadas instituciones de salud no exime a los individuos de enfrentar estas situaciones. Se estiman modelos tobit para analizar los determinantes de los gastos de bolsillo y catastróficos en salud, encontrando que las características regionales, individuales y del hogar provocan heterogeneidad en el comportamiento del gasto en salud. De acuerdo con los datos, el uso efectivo de los servicios públicos reduce, aunque no suficientemente, las probabilidades de incurrir en gastos excesivos. Las políticas públicas deben de encaminarse a la promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades, así como a reducir las brechas en la calidad de los servicios públicos de salud.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In Mexico, out-of-pocket and catastrophic spending are persistent across the income distribution spectrum, and a filiation with health institutions does not safeguard individuals against such possibilities. This study estimates tobit models to analyze the determinants of out-of-pocket and catastrophic health expenditures, and finds that regional, individual, and household characteristics cause heterogeneity in health spending behaviors. The data suggest that the effective use of public services reduces, albeit insufficiently, the probability of incurring excessive expenditures. Public policies should focus on health promotion and disease prevention, as well as on reducing the gaps in the quality of public health services.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gasto en salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[distribución del ingreso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[servicios públicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[prevención de enfermedades]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelos tobit]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[C51]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[I14]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[I15]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[I18]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[N36]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[P46]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[health expenditure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[income distribution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public services]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[disease prevention]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tobit models]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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