<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0301-7036</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Problemas del desarrollo]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Prob. Des]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0301-7036</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0301-70362020000200085</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iiec.20078951e.2020.201.69395</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El ingreso familiar como determinante de la asistencia escolar de los jóvenes en México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Family income as a determinant of young people&#8217;s school attendance in Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mancha Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gloria Lucinda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayala Gaytán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgardo Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico de Monterrey Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Sociales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>201</numero>
<fpage>85</fpage>
<lpage>110</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0301-70362020000200085&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0301-70362020000200085&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0301-70362020000200085&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El presente trabajo estima el impacto del ingreso familiar en la asistencia escolar de los jóvenes en México en un contexto longitudinal. Con base en los paneles rotativos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo (ENOE), se estima un modelo econométrico probit con efectos fijos para determinar la probabilidad de que un joven de 14 a 18 años que vive con sus padres y asiste a la escuela -continúe el siguiente año-, controlando por las características del joven, de su familia, del entorno y cambios temporales. Se encontró evidencia de que la probabilidad de que un joven continúe estudiando aumenta con el ingreso familiar, y este efecto positivo es relativamente más importante en los primeros deciles de ingreso.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper calculates the impact of family income on young people&#8217;s school attendance in Mexico, in a longitudinal context. Based on the rotating panels of the National Occupation and Employment Survey (ENOE), a probit econometric model with fixed effects is used to determine the likelihood that a 14&#8208; to 18&#8208;year&#8208;old who lives with their parents and attends school will continue to attend in the following year; the model is controlled by the young person&#8217;s characteristics, their family, the environment and various temporary changes. Evidence was found that the probability of a young person continuing to attend school increases with family income, and this positive effect is relatively more important in the first deciles of income.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ingreso familiar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[jóvenes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[asistencia escolar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación media]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación media superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[E24]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[C23]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[C33]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[I21]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[I22]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[J13]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[family income]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[young people]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[school attendance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[secondary school]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[high school education]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acemoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pischke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Changes in the wage structure, family income, and children's education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Economic Review]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bailey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dynarski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inequality in post-secondary education]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duncan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murnane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Whither opportunity? Rising inequality, schools, and children's life chances]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Russell Sage Foundation]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La sociedad del riesgo. En camino hacia otra sociedad moderna]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Paidós]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Juventudy cohesión social en Iberoamérica: un modelo para armar]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPAL]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Gregorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Education and income inequality: new evidence from cross-country data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Review of Income and Wealth]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De la Luz Tovar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dispersión del ingreso y demanda de educación media superior y superior en México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis Económico]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>XXV</volume>
<numero>58</numero>
<issue>58</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dworkin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What is equality? Part 2: equality of resources]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Philosophy and Public Affairs]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New Jersey ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Princeton University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.H.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gignoux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The measurement of educational inequality: achievement and opportunity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The World Bank Economic Review]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Formichella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Análisis del concepto de equidad educativa a la luz del enfoque de las capacidades de Amartya Sen]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Costa Rica ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waltemberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inequality of opportunity for educational achievement in Latin America: Evidence from PISA 2006-2009]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Econo mics of Education Review]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waltemberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measuring inequality of opportunity in education by combining information on coverage and achievement in PISA]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational Assessment]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gasparini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the measurement of unfairness: an application to high school attendance in Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Choice and Welfare]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuadros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oportunidades educativas y características familiares en Colombia: un análisis por cohortes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Economía del Rosario]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gruber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Introduction: What have we learned about the problems of and prospects for disadvantaged youth?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gruber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The problems of disadvantaged youth: an economic perspective]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haveman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolfe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The determinants of children's attainments: a review of methods and findings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Literature]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[United States ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Economic Association]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hopenhayn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inclusión y exclusión social en la juventud latinoamericana]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pensamiento Iberoamericano]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional y Fundación Carolina]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibáñez Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Formichella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costabel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exclusión social: explorando la dimensión educativa en Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Problemas del Desarro llo. Revista Latinoamericana de Economía]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>200</numero>
<issue>200</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Instituto Mexicano de la Juventud (IMJ)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Encuesta Nacional de Juventud 2005]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Mexicano de la Juventud]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo, 2005-2015]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Microdatos de la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo, 2005-2016]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Metodología de la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Virgüez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarmiento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desigualdad de oportunidades en el sistema de educación pública en Bogotá Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lecturas de Economía]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>87</numero>
<issue>87</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mancha Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La desatención generacional: Los jóvenes frente a la escasez de oportunidades. Una propuesta de medición a través de indicadores. Nuevo León 2005-2009]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Jasso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez Meza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De la Garza Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educación y desigualdad del ingreso en México]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguayo Téllez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Capital humano, pobreza y distribución del ingreso en México]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Plaza y Valdés]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Rizo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nueva visita al país de la desigualdad. La distribución de la escolaridad en México (1970-2000)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Investigación Educativa]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>16</numero>
<issue>16</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Consejo Mexicano de Investigación Educativa, A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Rizo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Calidad y equidad en educación. 20 años de reflexiones]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Santillana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salvia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exclusión de los jóvenes en la década de los 90. Factores, alcances y perspectivas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Papeles de Población]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>16</numero>
<issue>16</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro Chávez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Favila Tello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La desigualdad de la educación en México, 1990-2010: el caso de las entidades federativas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Educativo de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[El empleo de los jóvenes: vías para acceder a un trabajo decente]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ginebra ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OIT]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Education at a Glance 2016: OECD Indicators]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[París ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OECD Publishing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paes de Barros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. H. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molinas Vega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saavedra Chanduvi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Midiendo la desigualdad de oportunidades en América Latina y el Caribe]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Banco Mundial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murnane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Willett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Income-based inequality in educational outcomes: learning from state longitudinal data systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piketty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El capital en el siglo XXI]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Grimaldo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desigualdad educativa en México]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguayo Téllez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Capital humano, pobreza y distribución del ingreso en México]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Plaza y Valdés]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rawls]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Teoría de la Justicia]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FCE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reardon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The widening academic achievement gap between the rich and the poor: new evidence and possible explanations]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duncan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murnane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Whither opportunity? Rising inequality, schools, and children's life chances]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Russell Sage Foundation]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roemer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Igualdad de oportunidades]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Isegoría. Revista de filosofía moral y política]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Secretaría de Educación Pública (SEP)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Reporte de la Encuesta Nacional de Deserción en la Educación Media Superior (ENDEMS) 2011]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SEP]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Inequality reexamined]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La desigualdad de oportunidades y las brechas de escolaridad]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnaut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giorguli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Educación . Los grandes problemas de México]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Rocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brunet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Orígenes sociales, instituciones, y decisiones educativas en la transición a la educación media superior. El caso del Distrito Federal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Investigación Educativa]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>59</numero>
<issue>59</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Consejo Mexicano de Investigación Educativa, A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tilak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Education and poverty]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Human Development]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tilly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Changing forms of inequality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sociological Theory]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valadez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Calidad de la escuela, estatus económico y deserción escolar de los adolescentes mexicanos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Educativo de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wooldridge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introductory econometrics: A modern approach]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<edition>6</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Boston ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cengage Learning]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
