<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0301-696X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de sanidad militar]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. sanid. mil.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0301-696X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, Dirección General de Sanidad]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0301-696X2018000100010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto de la administración de dexametasona sobre la glucosa plasmática en pacientes diabéticos bajo anestesia general balanceada en el Hospital Central Militar]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effect on plasma glucose of the administration of dexamethasone in diabetic patients under balanced general anesthesia at the Hospital Central Militar]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landeros Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aldo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iván]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frías Aguirre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sintya Eloina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Central Militar Anestesiología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>10</fpage>
<lpage>14</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0301-696X2018000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0301-696X2018000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0301-696X2018000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Antecedentes  La dexametasona tiene un papel importante en el control de la náusea y vómito postoperatorios, ya que ha mostrado gran eficacia; sin embargo, su uso en pacientes diabéticos es cauteloso, o en su defecto, evitado por gran número de anestesiólogos por el incremento de la glucosa plasmática que produce.  Objetivo  Evaluar si existe un aumento significativo de glucosa plasmática en pacientes diabéticos después de la administración de dexametasona para profilaxis de náusea y vómito postoperatorios en procedimientos bajo anestesia general balanceada.  Material y métodos  Se incluyeron pacientes del Hospital Central Militar, diabéticos, sometidos a cirugía bajo anestesia general balanceada; se dividieron en grupo 1 (dexametasona) y grupo 2 (no dexametasona). Se les tomó glucometría basal, dos y 24 horas después de la administración de dexametasona o inicio del procedimiento anestésico y se les realizó un cuestionario acerca de si presentaron o no náusea, vómito y evaluación del dolor.  Resultados  La dexametasona mejoró resultados en lo que se refiere a dolor postoperatorio, prevención de náusea y vómito, y se observó mayor incremento de glucosa plasmática en los que sí se usó dexametasona; sin embargo, en todos los casos fue estadísticamente no significativo. Conclusión: En el estudio se observó que con el uso de dexametasona aumentó en mayor medida la glucosa plasmática en comparación con aquellos pacientes en los que no se usó; sin embargo, no fue estadísticamente significativo. Durante el estudio no se observó diferencia en la evolución del paciente que pudiera sugerir que su uso fue perjudicial, por lo que se puede recomendar su uso como adyuvante de la profilaxis de náusea y vómito postoperatorios.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Background  Dexamethasone has an important role in the control of postoperative nausea and vomiting, since it has shown great efficacy; however, its use in diabetic patients is cautious or avoided by many anesthesiologists because of the increase in plasma glucose it produces.  Objective  To evaluate if there is a signifi cant increase in plasma glucose in diabetic patients after the administration of dexamethasone for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting in balanced anesthesia.  Material and methods Diabetic patients from the Hospital Central Militar undergoing surgery under balanced general anesthesia, divided into group 1 (dexamethasone) and group 2 (no dexamethasone). We measured baseline blood glucose, and two and 24 hours after the administration of dexamethasone or initiation of the anesthetic procedure; we applied a questionnaire on whether or not they had nausea, vomiting and pain assessment.  Results Dexamethasone improved outcomes in postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting prevention; a greater increase in plasma glucose was observed in those who used dexamethasone, but in all of them, it was statistically non-signifi cant. Conclusion: We observed in the study that the use of dexamethasone increased plasma glucose in comparison with those patients in whom it was not used; however, it was not statistically signifi cant, and during the study, we observed no difference in the evolution of the patients that might suggest its use was harmful, so it can be recommended as an adjuvant for the prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[náusea y vómito postoperatorios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diabetes mellitus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[postoperative nausea and vomiting]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Low]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Habib]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Postoperative hyperglycemia after 4- vs 8-10-mg dexamethasone for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis in patients with type II diabetes mellitus: a retrospective database analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Anesth]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>589-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[D&#8217;souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Swami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhagwat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative study of dexamethasone and ondansetron for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Gynaecol Obstet]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>113</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>124-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Si]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dexamethasone combined with other antiemetics for prophylaxis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Asian J Surg]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>21-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sekhavat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Behdad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy of prophylactic dexamethasone in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Epidemiol Glob Health]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>175-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fazel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yegane-Moghaddam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forghani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aghadoost]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahdian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fakharian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of dexamethasone on postoperative vomiting and oral intake after adenotonsillectomy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1235-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Backes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bentley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Politi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chambers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dexamethasone reduces length of hospitalization and improves postoperative pain and nausea after total joint arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Arthroplasty]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>^s8</numero>
<issue>^s8</issue>
<supplement>8</supplement>
<page-range>11-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Oliveira Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benzon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCarthy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perioperative single dose systemic dexamethasone for postoperative pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anesthesiology]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>115</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>575-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eberhart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stief]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lattermann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Randomised controlled trial of the effect of oral premedication with dexamethasone on hyperglycaemic response to abdominal hysterectomy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Anaesthesiol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>195-201</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacassie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dexamethasone for postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis: effect on glycaemia in obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Anaesthesiol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>318-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vanthuyne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dewandre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brichant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonhomme]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Blood glucose concentration profile after 10 mg dexamethasone in non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients undergoing abdominal surgery]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Br J Anaesth]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>97</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>164-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akhtar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barash]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inzucchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Scientific principles and clinical implications of perioperative glucose regulation and control]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anesth Analg]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>110</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>478-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez-Maza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barba-Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Respuesta metabólica al trauma]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medicrit]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>130-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diemunsch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Habib]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kovac]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kranke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Consensus guidelines for the management of postoperative nausea and vomiting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anesth Analg]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>118</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>85-113</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Apfel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Korttila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdalla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kerger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vedder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A factorial trial of six interventions for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>350</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
<page-range>2441-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Gold Standard, Drug Monograph. Dexamethasone]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
