<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0300-9041</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ginecología y obstetricia de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ginecol. obstet. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0300-9041</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia y Ginecología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0300-90412022001200968</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24245/gom.v90i12.8010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Suplementación de micronutrientes durante el embarazo: revisión narrativa de revisiones sistemáticas y metanálisis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy: narrative review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perichart-Perera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Otilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Cano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ameyalli M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<fpage>968</fpage>
<lpage>994</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0300-90412022001200968&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0300-90412022001200968&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0300-90412022001200968&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  OBJETIVO: Describir los efectos de la suplementación con vitamina B12, vitamina D, calcio, magnesio, zinc y múltiples micronutrientes asociados con complicaciones perinatales.  METODOLOGÍA:  Estudio retrospectivo, basado en la búsqueda bibliográfica de revisiones sistemáticas y metanálisis en la base de datos de Medline-PubMed, acerca de la suplementación con Vitamina B12, vitamina D, calcio, magnesio y zinc, además de la suplementación con múltiples micronutrientes en mujeres con embarazo único, sanas y con alteraciones metabólicas, de artículos publicados entre 2012 y 2022.  RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 51 revisiones y metanálisis. De acuerdo con los estudios, la suplementación con vitamina D reduce el riesgo de diabetes gestacional y preeclampsia, y posiblemente el riesgo de bajo peso al nacimiento y de pequeño para la edad gestacional. La suplementación con calcio disminuye el riesgo de hipertensión gestacional y preeclampsia en mujeres con alto riesgo y con bajo consumo de calcio. La suplementación con múltiples micronutrientes demostró un efecto en la reducción del bajo peso al nacimiento, pequeño para la edad gestacional, óbito y, posiblemente, parto pretérmino. Pocos estudios reportan que la suplementación con magnesio disminuye la hospitalización materna y mejora el control glucémico en mujeres con diabetes gestacional. Se requieren más estudios de suplementación con vitamina B12, zinc y magnesio.  CONCLUSIÓN: No existe un esquema de referencia de suplementación con micronutrientes efectivo para todas las mujeres; el protocolo debe individualizarse en cuanto al tipo de nutrimento, dosis, características específicas, riesgos individuales y contexto de cada mujer, su consumo dietético y deficiencias, entre otros factores. La suplementación debe formar parte de los programas de salud gestacional, para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria y mejorar las condiciones de salud pública.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  OBJECTIVE: To describe the effects of vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, zinc and multiple micronutrient (MMS) supplementation on perinatal complications. METHODS: We performed a search of systematic reviews/meta-analyses of supplementation in healthy women, and/or with metabolic disorders, with a single pregnancy (Medline/PubMed; 2012-2022).  RESULTS: 51 reviews/meta-analyses were included. Vitamin D supplementation appears to reduce the risk of gestational diabetes (GDM) and preeclampsia; and possibly the risk of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA). Calcium supplementation reduces the risk of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, in women at high risk and with low calcium intake. MMS showed an effect in reducing LBW, SGA, stillbirth, and possibly preterm birth. Few studies reported that magnesium supplementation could decrease maternal hospitalization and improve glycemic control in women with GDM. More studies on vitamin B12, zinc and magnesium supplementation are required.  CONCLUSION: There is no single effective micronutrient supplementation scheme for all women; this must be individualized in terms of the type of nutrient, dose, specific characteristics, individual risks and context of each woman, her dietary intake/micronutrient deficiencies, among others. Supplementation should be part of a policy to improve gestational clinical care, ensure food security and improve public health conditions.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Vitamina B12]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vitamina D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[micronutrientes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[minerales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gestación, nutrición prenatal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desenlaces perinatales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vitamins B12, Vitamin D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Micronutrients]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Minerals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pregnancy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prenatal nutrition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Perinatal outcomes]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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