<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0300-9041</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ginecología y obstetricia de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ginecol. obstet. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0300-9041</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia y Ginecología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0300-90412019001100003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24245/gom.v87i11.3315</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo clínicos maternos de embarazadas con fiebre intraparto y corioamnionitis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Clinical risk factors maternals of gestants with intrapartal fever and corioamnionitis]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armas-Roca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Guedes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Azahara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-García Cano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Octavio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santana-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfredo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina-Cabrillana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Canarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Canarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Canarias Unidad de Genética clínica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Canarias servicio de Medicina preventiva ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Canarias Ginecología y Obstetricia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<fpage>718</fpage>
<lpage>725</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0300-90412019001100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0300-90412019001100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0300-90412019001100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  OBJETIVO:  Analizar los factores de riesgo clínicos maternos de las embarazadas con fiebre intraparto y corioamnionitis.  MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS:  Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo (2007-2009) y prospectivo (2010-2012) llevado a cabo en el Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Canarias en el que se identificó a las embarazadas con corioamnionitis o fiebre intraparto. Se incluyeron pacientes con embarazo más o menos mayor de 24 semanas con exudado negativo o positivo y posibilidad de parto. Se excluyeron las muertes fetales anteparto, las pacientes con contraindicación para parto, embarazos múltiples y exudado vaginorrectal para el estreptococo del grupo B desconocido o no valorable. Se estudiaron los factores de riesgo mediante modelos multivariantes de regresión logística, con el método Enter.  RESULTADOS:  Se seleccionaron 1856 pacientes con diagnóstico de corioamnionitis y 420 con fiebre intraparto; el resto fue el grupo control. Los factores de riesgo para fiebre intraparto fueron: hábito tabáquico, nuliparidad, inicio del trabajo de parto por inducción, aplicación de oxitocina, analgesia epidural, monitorización interna y líquido meconial. Para corioamnionitis: hábito tabáquico, nuliparidad, inicio del trabajo de parto por inducción, oxitocina, analgesia epidural, monitorización interna y líquido meconial. Tener cesárea previa actuó como factor protector frente a no tenerla.  CONCLUSIONES:  El hábito tabáquico, la nuliparidad, la rotura espontánea de membranas, la inducción del parto, el uso de oxitocina, la administración de la analgesia epidural, la monitorización interna y el líquido meconial, fueron factores de riesgo para la fiebre intraparto y corioamnionitis.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  OBJECTIVE:  To analyze the maternal clinical risk factors of pregnant women with intrapartum fever and chorioamnionitis.  MATERIALS AND METHODS:  Retrospective descriptive observational study (2007-2009) and prospective (2010-2012) conducted in the Canary Islands Maternal and Childhood University Hospital Complex in the identification of pregnant women with chorioamnionitis or intrapartum fever. Patients with gestational age equal to or greater than 24 weeks with negative or positive exudate and possibility of vaginal delivery were included and antepartum fetal deaths, patients with contraindication for vaginal delivery, multiple gestations and vagino-rectal exudate for group B streptococcus unknown or not valuable were excluded. Risk factors were studied using multivariate logistic regression models, using the Enter method.  RESULTS:  After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 4831 patients remained in the study. Of these, 1856 patients diagnosed with chorioamnionitis and 420 patients diagnosed with intrapartum fever, the rest was the control group. The risk factors for intrapartum fever and chorioamnionitis, respectively, were smoking, nulliparity, start of induction labor, oxytocin, epidural analgesia, internal monitoring and meconial fluid. Having a previous caesaren section acted as a protective factor against not having it.  CONCLUSIONS:  Smoking, nulliparity, spontaneous rupture of membranes, induction of labor, use of oxytocin, administration of epidural analgesia, internal monitoring and meconium fluid are significant risk factors for intrapartum fever and chorioamnionitis. In addition, the time of dilation is also a risk factor for chorioamnionitis, not for intrapartum fever. Maternal age greater than or equal to 36 years is a protective factor for chorioamnionitis.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Corioamnionitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[semanas de embarazo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[edad gestacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[exudado vaginal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[muertes anteparto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[embarazo múltiple]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[edad materna]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[oxitocina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chorioamnionitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gestational age]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vaginal delivery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antepartum fetal deaths]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Multiple gestations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Maternal age]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Oxytocin]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maayan-Metzger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors for maternal intrapartum fever and short-term neonatal outcome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fetal Pediatr Pathol]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<page-range>169</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Banerjee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal temperature monitoring during labor: concordance and variability among monitoring sites]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>103</volume>
<page-range>287-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Labor epidural analgesia and maternal fever]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anesth analg]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>111</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1467-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tita]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrews]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosis and Management of clinical chorioamnionitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Perinatol]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>339-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stürchler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reproductive history and intrapartum fever]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gynecol Obstet Invest]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>182-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fraser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association of young maternal age with adverse reproductive outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>332</volume>
<page-range>1113-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kovo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intrapartum fever at term clinical characteristics and placental pathology]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1273-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intrapartum temperature elevation, epidural use, and adverse outcome in term infants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>129</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>e447-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors for intraamniotic infection A prospective epidemiology study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[AM J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>161</volume>
<page-range>562-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chorioamnionitis and Intraamniotic Infection]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>795-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Usha Kiran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Outcome of pregnancy in a woman with an increased body mass index]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BJOG]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>112</volume>
<page-range>768-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carlhäll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal body mass index and duration of labor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Journal of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology and Reproductive Biology]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>171</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>49-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Poor uterine contractility in obese women]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BJOG]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<page-range>343-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curtin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intrapartum fever, epidural analgesia and histologic chorioamnionitis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Perinatol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>396-400</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petrova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association of maternal fever during labor with neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>20-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teenage pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes a large population based retrospective cohort study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Epidemiol]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>368-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ER]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Logistic regression analysis of risk factors for intraamnionitic infection]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>571-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seaward]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International Multicentre Term Prelabor Rupture of Membranes Study: evaluation of predictors of clinical chorioamnionitis and postpartum fever in patients with prelabor rupture of membranes at term]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>177</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1024-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mi Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The frequency and risk factors of funisitis and histologic chorioamnionitis in pregnant women at term who delivered after the spontaneous onset of labor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Mat Fetal Neonat Med]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>37-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inducción del parto (actualizado julio del 2013) Sociedad Española de Ginecología y Obstetricia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Progresos de Obstetricia y Ginecología]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>54-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schouten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal temperature during labor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BJOG]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>115</volume>
<page-range>1131-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goetzl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[ACOG Practice Bulletin Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician-Gynecologists Number 36, July 2002. Obstetric analgesia and anesthesia]]></article-title>
<collab>ACOG Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>177-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Association of epidural-related fever and noninfectious inflammation in term labor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>117</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>588-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smulian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical chorioamnionitis and histologic placental inflammation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>94</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfirevic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dowswell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intravenous oxytocin alone for cervical ripening and induction of labour (Review)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oxytocin regimen for labor augmentation Labor progression. and perinatal outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>118</volume>
<page-range>249-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anim-Somuah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidural versus non- epidural or no analgesia in labour]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Combs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Amniotic fluid infection, inflammation, and colonization in preterm labor with intact membranes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>210</volume>
<page-range>125</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halpern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing patient-controlled epidural with intravenous analgesia for pain relief in labor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anesth Analg]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1532-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lucas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A randomized trial of labor analgesia in women with pregnancy- induced hypertension]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>185</volume>
<page-range>970-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nafisi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of epidural lidocaine analgesia on labor and delivery a randomized, prospective, controlled trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Anesthesiol]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cesarean delivery A randomized trial of epidural versus patient-controlled meperidine analgesia during labor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anesthesiology]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<page-range>487-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osborne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maternal temperature elevation at occiput posterior position at birth among low-risk women receiving epidural analgesia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Midwifery Women's Health]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>446-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siriwachirachai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Antibiotics for meconium-stained amniotic fluid in labour for preventing maternal and neonatal infections]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database Syst Rev]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cahill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Number of cervical examinations and risk of intrapartum maternal fever]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Obstet Gynecol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>119</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1096-101</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
