<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0300-9041</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ginecología y obstetricia de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ginecol. obstet. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0300-9041</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Obstetricia y Ginecología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0300-90412019000300005</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24245/gom.v87i3.2694</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo asociados con lesión obstétrica del esfínter anal: cohorte retrospectiva]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors associated with obstetric anal sphincter injury: A retrospective cohort]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Colorado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Esther Silvia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Isarraraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granados-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Verónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gorbea-Chávez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Viridiana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olvera-Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Jonatán]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bravo-Canales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Germán Román]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes Clínica de Urología Ginecológica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes Clínica de Urología Ginecológica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>186</fpage>
<lpage>189</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0300-90412019000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0300-90412019000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0300-90412019000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  OBJETIVO: Analizar los factores de riesgo asociados con lesión obstétrica del esfínter anal en una población donde la aplicación de fórceps es bien aceptada.  MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de cohorte simple, retrospectivo, al que que se incluyeron pacientes que finalizaron el embarazo por parto, entre enero de 2013 y diciembre de 2017, en el Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes. Criterios de inclusión: embarazo mayor de 35 semanas, con feto único y en presentación cefálica. La variable dependiente de lesión obstétrica del esfínter anal se clasificó en tercer y cuarto grado. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el programa SPSS Statistics 23; la prueba de &#967;2 y t de Student para la comparación entre grupos, y razón de momios con intervalo de confianza de 95%.  RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 6199 pacientes. La edad promedio fue de 26.5 años; el peso al nacimiento de 2745 g y se colocaron fórceps en 6.9% (n = 428) casos. La frecuencia de lesión obstétrica del esfínter anal fue de 1.03% (n = 65). Entre los factores de riesgo asociados con lesión del esfínter anal se encontraron: aplicación de fórceps (RM 22.4; IC95% 13.3-36.7, p &lt; 0.001) y primiparidad (RM 2.8; IC95% 1.68-4.93, p &lt; 0.001).  CONCLUSIONES: La edad materna de 20 a 30 años, el peso fetal mayor de 3500 g, el parto con fórceps y la primiparidad son factores de riesgo asociados con lesión obstétrica del esfínter anal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  OBJECTIVE: To analyze the associated risk factors of obstetric anal sphincter injury in a population in which the use of forceps is well accepted.  MATERIALS AND METHODS:  A simple retrospective cohort was performed where all women with vaginal delivery were identified in a period of 5 years (January 2013 to December 2017). Pregnancies older than 35 weeks were included, unique and in cephalic presentation. The dependent variable of obstetric lesion of the anal sphincter was classified in 3rd and 4th grade. The SPSS 23 program was used for the statistical analysis. &#967;2 test and Student&amp;apos;s t test were used to compare the groups, as well as Odds radio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI).  RESULTS: A total of 6199 women were included. The average age was 26.5 years, birth weight of 2745 grams on average, forceps were placed in 6.9% (n = 428). The frequency of obstetric lesion of the anal sphincter was 1.03% (n = 65) in the study period. The following risk factors were found to be associated with anal sphincter injury: use of forceps OR 22.4 (95% CI 13.3-36.7, p &lt;0.001), primiparity OR 2.8 (95% CI 1.68-4.93 p &lt; 0.001.  CONCLUSIONS: Maternal age of 20 to 30 years, fetal weight greater than 3500 grams, births with forceps and primiparity are risk factors for obstetric anal sphincter injuries.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Lesión obstétrica del esfínter anal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fórceps]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[primiparidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Obstetric injury of the anal sphincter]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Forceps]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Primiparity]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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