<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-9532</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ingeniería biomédica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. ing. bioméd]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-9532</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Ingeniería Biomédica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-95322016000100039</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17488/RMIB.37.1.3</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Primed Low Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Effects on Smoking Cue-Induced Craving]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores-Leal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sacristán-Rock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Ángeles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azpiroz Leehan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UAM I Centro Nacional de Investigación en Imagenología e Instrumentación Médica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>39</fpage>
<lpage>48</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-95322016000100039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-95322016000100039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-95322016000100039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) has shown the potential to reduce craving to smoke and the amount of cigarettes smoked. When low frequency rTMS is preceded by a priming session the cortical inhibitory effects are enhanced provoking a lasting performance. In this study we evaluate the brain regional activations and self-reported mood effect of one session of primed low frequency rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in response to smoking- related cues during temporary nicotine abstinence. Ten moderate nicotine dependent subjects participated in a crossover design, comparing a single session of active versus sham stimulation. After treatment, a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) study was performed in all participants while completing a block-design cue reactivity paradigm. Our measures also included self-reported craving and mood score before and after every rTMS session. The number of daily smoked cigarette in a one week around period was also recorded. The results show that self-reported cravings were lower following the active stimulation; significant activation was found in areas associated with emotion control (anterior cingulate gyrus and subgenual area) and episodic memory (precuneus and posterior cingulate gyrus) as a result of the stimulation. No significant difference was found in the number of cigarettes smoked and mood scores between the sham and active condition during the one week period records. This study confirms the previous evidence that rTMS can reduce cigarette cravings and provides evidence of the neural mechanism of action that take place in order to achieve these neuromodulation effects.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La Estimulación Magnética Transcranea repetitiva (EMTr) ha demostrado ser capaz de reducir el deseo por fumar y el consume de cigarrillos. Cuando una baja frecuencia de EMTr es precedida por una sesión de primado, los efectos inhibidores de la corteza cerebral aumentan y también su duración. En este estudio se evalúan las activaciones regionales del cerebro y el efecto en el estado de ánimo auto-reportado de una sesión de EMTr de baja frecuencia primada sobre la corteza dorsolateral prefrontal izquierda en respuesta a estímulos visuales relacionados con el tabaco durante una abstinencia temporal a la nicotina. Diez sujetos con dependencia moderada a la nicotina participaron en un experimento de diseño cruzado, comparando una sola sesión de estimulación activa contra una simulada. Después del tratamiento, se llevó a cabo un estudio de Imagen por Resonancia Magnética funcional (IRMf) en todos los participantes mientras llevaban a cabo un paradigma visual de bloques. Las mediciones incluyeron una puntuación auto-reportada del deseo por fumar y estado de ánimo antes y después de cada sesión de EMTr. Los resultados muestran que el deseo por fumar era menor luego de una sesión activa de estimulación; se encontraron activaciones significativas en áreas asociadas con el control emocional (giro del cíngulo anterior) y memoria episódica (precúneo y giro del cíngulo posterior) como resultado de la estimulación. No se encontró diferencia significativa en el número de cigarros fumados entre la sesión activa y simulado durante el periodo evaluado. Tampoco se registraron diferencias en las evaluaciones de estado de ánimo luego del tratamiento. Este estudio confirma la evidencia previa de que la EMTr puede reducir el deseo por fumar y proporciona evidencia del mecanismo de acción neural que se lleva a cabo para lograr estos efectos neuromoduladores.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[rTMS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fMRI]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nicotine craving]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[priming]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[EMTr]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[IRMf]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tabaquismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[primado]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<year>2006</year>
<volume>104</volume>
<page-range>653-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
