<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-8897</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Hidrobiológica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Hidrobiológica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-8897</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-88972019000100049</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Earthquake induces mass-spawning event in two coral-reef sea cucumber species in Belize]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Terremoto induce evento de desove masivo en dos especies de pepino de mar en arrecifes de coral en Belice]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rogers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arlenie]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jean-François]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mercier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Annie]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Belize Environmental Research Institute ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Belmopan City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Belize</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Society for the Exploration and Valuing of the Environment  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Memorial University of Newfoundland Department of Ocean Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>49</fpage>
<lpage>51</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-88972019000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-88972019000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-88972019000100049&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Background: Electromagnetic pulses that precede earthquakes, and the ensuing crust deformations and vibrations, have been associated with unusual animal behavior (UAB), most commonly in terrestrial species but also in certain marine species, chiefly in the Chordata phylum (e.g. fish, cetaceans).  Goals:  This study explored the occurrence of earthquake-related UAB in an entirely new marine phylum, the Echinodermata.  Methods: Formal and informal surveys conducted by fishing vessels preand post-earthquake along the southern coast of Belize (Central America) were collated.  Results: The first cases of post-earthquake UAB in echinoderms were documented. They involved thousands of individuals of the holothuroids Isostichopus badionotus and Holothuria mexicana spawning on May 29, 2009 and January 10, 2018. These rare accounts represent the first direct correlation between an earthquake and spawning activity, which occurred outside the normal spawning season and at an unusual time of day.  Conclusions: While a growing number of reports indicate that many terrestrial and a smaller number of marine species can change their behavior before and during an earthquake, post-earthquake effects related to reproduction have apparently never been reported before in the animal kingdom. While underlying mechanisms remain unclear, holothuroid echinoderms may be reacting directly or indirectly to seismic activity, or the pressure change generated by it.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Antecedentes: Los pulsos electromagnéticos que preceden a los terremotos y las consiguientes deformaciones y vibraciones de la corteza de la tierra han sido asociados con el comportamiento animal inusual (CAI), más comúnmente en especies terrestres sino también en ciertas especies marinas, principalmente en el filo Chordata (por ejemplo, peces, cetáceos).  Objetivos: El presente estudio exploró la ocurrencia de CAI relacionada con terremotos en un filo marino completamente nuevo, el Echinodermata.  Métodos:  Se recopilaron encuestas formales e informales realizadas por barcos pesqueros antes y después del terremoto a lo largo de la costa sur de Belice (América Central).  Resultados: Se documentó el primer caso de CAI post-terremoto en equinodermos. El caso involucró a miles de individuos de los holoturoidea Isostichopus badionotus y Holothuria mexicana desovando el 28 de mayo de 2009 y el 10 de enero de 2018, respectivamente. Estas ocurrencias raras representan la primera correlación directa entre un terremoto y la actividad de desove, que ocurrió fuera de la temporada de desove normal y en un momento del día inusual.  Conclusiones: Mientras que un número creciente de informes indica que muchas especies terrestres y un número menor de especies marinas pueden cambiar su comportamiento antes y durante un terremoto, los efectos posteriores al terremoto relacionados con la reproducción, aparentemente nunca se han reportado antes en el reino animal. Si bien los mecanismos subyacentes siguen sin estar claros, los equinodermos holoturoideos pueden estar reaccionando directa o indirectamente a la actividad sísmica, o al cambio de presión generado por ella.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[disturbance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[echinoderm]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Holothuria mexicana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Isostichopus badionotus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reproduction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[unusual animal behavior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comportamiento inusual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[equinodermo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Holothuria mexicana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Isostichopus badionotus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[perturbación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reproducción]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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