<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-8897</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Hidrobiológica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Hidrobiológica]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-8897</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-88972017000100115</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Reconstrucción filogenética de Sphaeriidae (Veneroida: Bivalvia) y la posición filogenética de Pisidium chilense]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Phylogenetic reconstruction of Sphaeriidae (Veneroida: Bivalvia) and phylogenetic position of Pisidium chilense]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentealba-Jara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[D&#8217;Elia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fidelina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco-Jaccard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de las Américas Instituto de Ciencias Naturales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Concepción Bío-Bío]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Austral de Chile Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas Facultad de Ciencias]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Valdivia Los Ríos]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Concepción Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Departamento de Biología Celular]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Concepción Bío-Bío]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Concepción Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas Departamento de Geofísica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Concepción Bío-Bío]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>115</fpage>
<lpage>117</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-88972017000100115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-88972017000100115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-88972017000100115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Antecedentes:  La subfamilia Sphaeriinaede bivalvos de agua dulce está formado por tres géneros, Musculium, Pisidium y Sphaerium. Sin embargo, la monofilia de los dos últimos ha sido cuestionada en dife rentes análisis filogenéticos.  Objetivos:  En este estudio se incorpora al análisis filogenético a Pisidiumchilense, basado en secuencias del espaciador interno (ITS-1) nuclear ribosomal.  Métodos:  La matriz de datos se analizó bajo inferencia bayesiana y máxima parsimonia. Los resultados apoyan la monofilia de Sphaeriinae.  Resultados:  Los géne ros Pisidium y Musculium son monofiléticos, mientras Sphaerium es parafilético respecto a Musculium. Al interior de Pisidium, las especies de América del Sur, y únicos representantes del subgénero Afropisidium incluido en el análisis, forman un grupo monofilético.  Conclusiones:  An tes de proponer escenarios biogeográficos o taxonómicos para Sphae riinae es necesario realizar un muestreo taxonómico más intenso, al igual que ampliar el muestreo de caracteres para incluir loci nucleares.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background: The subfamily Sphaeriinae of freshwater bivalves is for med by three genera, Musculium, Pisidium,and Sphaerium. However, the monophyly of the latter two has been questioned in different phylo genetic analyses.  Goals: In this study, we added Pisidiumchilenseto the phylogenetic analysis, based on sequences of nuclear ribosomal, an internal transcribed spacer(ITS-1).  Methods: The data matrix was analyzed with maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. Results support the monophyly of Sphaeriinae. The genera Pisidium and Mus culium are monophyletic, while Sphaerium is paraphyletic with respect to Musculium. Within Pisidium, the South American species and sole representatives included in this analysis of the subgenus Afropisidium formed a monophyletic group.  Conclusions:  Before advancing new bio geographic or taxonomic scenarios for Sphaeriinae, further analyses based on denser taxonomic and character sampling are needed.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Afropisidium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Musculium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sphaeriidae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sphae rium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Afropisidium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Musculium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sphaeriidae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sphaerium]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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