<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-7653</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Perfiles latinoamericanos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Perf. latinoam.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-7653</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Académica de México]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-76532025000200233</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18504/pl3366-011-2025</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El desarrollo desigual de las políticas ambientales en las provincias argentinas (2007-2017)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Uneven Development of Environmental Policies in Argentine Provinces (2007-2017)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lucas M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariano]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de San Martín  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de San Martín  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Johns Hopkins University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>66</numero>
<fpage>233</fpage>
<lpage>255</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-76532025000200233&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-76532025000200233&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-76532025000200233&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En América Latina hubo un incremento en la formulación de políticas promotoras de la protección ambiental. Sin embargo, distintos trabajos muestran que hay diferencias entre sectores productivos. En Argentina, el federalismo ha posibilitado la emergencia de políticas desiguales en materia de recursos naturales. ¿Cuáles son las causas que explican el avance desigual de las políticas ambientales en las provincias de este país? La hipótesis es que tales políticas logran un más probable avance cuando no compiten con actividades productivas y no perjudican a sectores económicos de peso. En estos contextos, las acciones de las coaliciones proteccionistas tendrán mayores posibilidades de incidir sobre la toma de decisión estatal. El estudio compara ocho provincias en tres áreas: bosques nativos, hidrocarburos y minería, entre 2007 y 2017, empleando entrevistas y datos económicos y políticos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Latin America has increased the policies that seek to promote environmental protection. However, scholars have shown that regulations differ among productive sectors. In Argentina, the federal system has produced unequal policies regarding natural resources. Indeed, this study seeks to ask what causes the uneven progress of environmental policies in the provinces? The main hypothesis is that the advancement of environmental policies is more possible when the protection attempt does not compete with productive activities and important economic sectors. In these contexts, the actions of protectionist coalitions will have a greater influence on state decision-making. This study compares eight provinces in three areas: native forests, hydrocarbons, and mining, between 2007 and 2017, using interviews and economic and political data.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sectores económicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[coaliciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bosques nativos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[minería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hidrocarburos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política subnacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Argentina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[environmental policy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economic sectors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coalitions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[native forest]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mining]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hydrocarbons]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[subnational politics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Argentina]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alcañíz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The distributive politics of environmental protection in Latin America and the Caribbean]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Composto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estado, empresas transnacionales y resistencias sociales en la gran minería]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grigera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Argentina después de la convertibilidad (2002-2011)]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>223-65</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Imago Mundi]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Protecting nature in federal systems: States, private interests, and conservation units in Brazil]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Berkeley ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of California]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The struggles for organizational discursive hegemony on the sustainability of fracking in Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Southern Communication Journal]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beherend]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bianchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estructura económica y política subnacional en Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Caderno CRH]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>80</numero>
<issue>80</issue>
<page-range>217-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brinks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levitsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The politics of institutional weakness in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of political parties, interest groups, and social movement organizations on public policy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Forces]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>380-408</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escolar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La nueva política de partidos en la Argentina. Crisis política, realineamientos partidarios y reforma electoral]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Prometeo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardarello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El irresistible anhelo de inmortalidad. Los gobernadores y la reelección inmediata en Argentina (1983-2007)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista SAAP]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>153-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe</collab>
<source><![CDATA[La distribución geográfica del valor agregado bruto de la Argentina entre 2004 y 2021]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPAL]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Christel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Resistencias sociales y legislaciones mineras en las provincias argentinas. Los casos de Mendoza, Córdoba, Catamarca y San Juan (2003-2009)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Política y Gobierno]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Christel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Making rights come alive: environmental rights and modes of participation in Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Environment &amp; Development]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hydraulic fracturing, coalition activity and shock: Assessing the potential for coalition-based collective action in Argentina&#8217;s Vaca Muerta formation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Extractive Industries and Society]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delamata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[¿Intereses económicos en la protesta ambiental? Marcos de interpretación y coaliciones sociales en las movilizaciones ambientales contra sectores extractivos de recursos naturales en Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Política y Sociedad]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>127-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fairfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Structural power in comparative political economy: Perspectives from policy formulation in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Business and Politics]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>411-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Milmanda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Subnational variation in forest protection in the Argentine Chaco]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Development]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>118</volume>
<page-range>79-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueroa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Implementación de políticas ambientales nacionales en ámbitos provinciales. El caso de la Ley de Bosques en Argentina (2008-2019)]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de San Martín]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gervasoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A rentier theory of subnational regimes: Fiscal federalism, democracy and authoritarianism in the Argentine provinces]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Politics]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>302-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La confrontación de coaliciones sociedad-Estado: la política de protección de bosques nativos en Argentina (2004-2015)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista SAAP]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>283-312</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Boundary control: Subnational authoritarianism in federal democracies]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hacker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pierson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Business Power and Social Policy: Employers and the Formation of the American Welfare State]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Politics &amp; Society]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>277-325</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lodola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La estructura subnacional de las carreras políticas en Argentina y Brasil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Desarrollo Económico]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>149</numero>
<issue>149</issue>
<page-range>247-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McMann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economic autonomy and democracy. Hybrid regimes in Russia and Kyrgyzstan]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mangini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economía política del cambio institucional en la política minera de las provincias argentinas]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Torcuato Di Tella]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Political competition, partisanship, and policymaking in Latin American public utilities]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shafer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Winners and losers: How sectors shape the developmental prospects of states]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ithaca ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cornell University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shafer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sectors, states, and social forces: Korea and Zambia confront economic restructuring]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Politics]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>127-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Snyder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does lootable wealth breed disorder? A political economy of extraction framework]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Political Studies]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>943-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wagner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mining struggles in Argentina. The keys of a successful story of mobilization]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Extractive Industries and Society]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
