<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-7653</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Perfiles latinoamericanos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Perf. latinoam.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-7653</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Académica de México]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-76532022000100015</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18504/pl3059-015-2022</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cuba: reformas y bienestar. Un análisis de los bienes no monetarios]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Cuba: reforms and well-being. An analysis of non-monetary assets]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schettino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francesco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romanò]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gabriele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dayma]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Università della Campania L.Vanvitelli Departamento de Giurisprudenza ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Habana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Sbilianciamoci  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Habana Centro de Estudios de la Economía Cubana ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>59</numero>
<fpage>0</fpage>
<lpage>0</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-76532022000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-76532022000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-76532022000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Nuestro estudio es el primer análisis que muestra la tendencia de la distribución del bienestar en Cuba, en el periodo de las reformas económicas y sociales impulsadas por el presidente Raúl Castro. Los análisis revelan que el bienestar, premisa del desarrollo humano y medido como acceso a bienes y servicios fundamentales y no monetarios, ha aumentado, a pesar de la crisis económica; en tanto que las desigualdades en el acceso al bienestar han aumentado poco en el periodo 2006-2011 y han disminuido en el periodo siguiente, para llegar en 2014 a un nivel ligeramente inferior al de 2006.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This study is the first assessment of the well-being distribution in Cuba during the period of economic and social reforms launched by the president Raúl Castro. Our results show that the level of well-being, measured as the access to fundamental goods and services and non-monetary assets, raised despite the economic crisis over the period 2006-2014. Inequality in the distribution of well-being slightly increased until 2011, but decreased in the subsequent period 2011-2014, for reaching in 2014 a level just below that observed in 2006.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cuba]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bienestar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desigualdad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bienes no monetarios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desarrollo humano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[economía política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[excepcionalismo cubano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[datos MICS-UNICEF]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cuba]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[well-being]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[inequality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[non-monetary assets]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cuban exceptionalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[MICS-UNICEF data]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Máttar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Política social y reformas estructurales: Cuba a principios del siglo XXI]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPAL]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ainsworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inequalities in children&#8217;s schooling: aids, orphanhood, poverty, and gender]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Development]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1099-10128</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bollen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glanville]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stecklov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Economic status proxies in studies of fertility in developing countries: does the measure matter?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Population Studies]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>81-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Booysen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Der Berg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Von Maltitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Du Rand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Using an asset index to assess trends in poverty in seven Sub-Saharan African countries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Development]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1113-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brundenius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Revolutionary Cuba at 50: growth with equity revisited]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Latin American Perspectives]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>31-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brundenius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Crecimiento con equidad: Cuba 1959-84]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Managua ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INIES]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Centeno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Society for Latin American Studies 2004 Plenary Lecture The Return of Cuba to Latin America: The End of Cuban Exceptionalism?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bulletin of Latin American Research]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>403-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clementi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dabalen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schettino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[When the centre cannot hold: patterns of polarization in Nigeria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Review of Income and Wealth]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>608-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deaton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The analysis of household surveys: A microeconometric approach to development policy]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Baltimore, MD ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Johns Hopkins Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dollar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kraay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Growth is good for the poor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Growth]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>195-225</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the brink of change: Cuba&#8217;s economy and society at the start of the 2010s]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez-Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina-Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barberia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cuban economic and social development: Policy reforms and challenges in the 21st century]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>1-20</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, MA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Cuban Economy at the Start of the Twenty-first Century: An Introductory Analysis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez-Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina-Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barberia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cuban economic and social development: Policy reforms and challenges in the 21st century]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<page-range>1-17</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, MA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez-Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina-Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barberia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cuban economic and social development-Policy reforms and challenges in the 21st century]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, MA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría-Leon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tejuca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Educación y empleo en Cuba 2000-2014: entre ajustes y desajustes]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cuba: los correlatos socioculturales del cambio económico]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>50-78</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ciencias Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elbers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lanjouw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lanjouw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Micro-level estimation of poverty and inequality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Econometrica]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>355-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina-Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desigualdad, equidad y política social. Integración de estudios recientes en Cuba]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Acuario]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina-Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría-Leon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cuba: los correlatos socioculturales del cambio económico]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ciencias Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Danny]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quentin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Achieving Child-Health-Related Millennium Development Goals: The Role of Infrastructure]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Development]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1267-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferriol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acercamiento al estudio de la pobreza en Cuba]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Congress of the Latin American Studies Association (LASA)]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Dallas, TX, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferriol]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carriazo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[U-Echavarria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Efectos de políticas macroeconómicas y sociales sobre los niveles de pobreza: El caso de Cuba en los años noventa]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INIE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fever and its treatment among the more and less poor in Sub-Saharan Africa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Health Policy and Planning]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>337-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pritchett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimating wealth effects without expenditure data-or tears: an application to educational enrollments in states of India]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Demography]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>115-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A theory of the consumption function]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Princeton ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Princeton University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La protección social en el ámbito de la salud: interacciones, sinergias y tensiones ente el Estado y la familia en la Cuba actual. Un intento de problematización de los espacios de igualdad]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zabala Argüelles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. del C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Algunas claves para pensar la pobreza en Cuba desde la mirada de jóvenes investigadores]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>187-220</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Acuario]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gabriele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The economy of Cuba after the VI Party Congress]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Nova Science]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galbraith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spagnolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munevar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pay inequality in Cuba: The Special Period and after]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gastos básicos de una familia cubana urbana 2011. Situación de las familias estado-dependientes]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[C. Zabala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. del]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría-León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fundora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Retos a la equidad en el proceso de actualización del modelo económico cubano]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>84-114</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ciencias Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kolenikov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Polychoric. STATA software package]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kolenikov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angeles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Socioeconomic status measurement with discrete proxy variables: is principal component analysis a reliable answer?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Review of Income and Wealth]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<numero>55</numero>
<issue>55</issue>
<page-range>128-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leyva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reformas, ruralidades y nuevos campesinos/as en Cuba]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina-Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarria-Leon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desafíos y propuestas para las políticas públicas. Cuba: los correlatos socioculturales del cambio económico]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>128-47</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Casa Ruth]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKenzie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measuring inequality with asset indicators]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Population Economics]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>229-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa-Lago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La desigualdad del ingreso y la experiencia de América Latina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Temas]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>84</numero>
<issue>84</issue>
<page-range>22-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milanovic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Capitalism, alone]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, MA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ministerio de Salud Pública</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario de Salud]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Salud Pública]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Felton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Construction of an asset index measuring asset accumulation in Ecuador]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<numero>87</numero>
<issue>87</issue>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IDPM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naschold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The poor stay poor&#8221;: household asset poverty traps in rural semi-arid India]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Development]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>2033-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Continuidad de los cambios en la agricultura]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Miradas a la economía cubana. Entre la eficiencia económica y la equidad social]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>57-70</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Caminos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Sistema de Información Estadística Nacional]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Sistema de Información Estadística Nacional]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pañellas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cuba, los impactos sociales de las transformaciones económicas. Lo que dicen los estudios sociales 2008-2013]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina-Prieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría-Leon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los correlatos socioculturales del cambio económico]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>224-56</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Casa Ruth]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piketty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Capital in the 21st century]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Belknap Press of Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe sobre Desarrollo Humano 2019. Más allá del ingreso, más allá de los promedios, más allá del presente: Desigualdades del desarrollo humano en el siglo XXI]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PNUD]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo</collab>
<collab>Centro de Investigaciones de la Economía Mundial</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Investigación sobre desarrollo humano y equidad en Cuba 1999]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Caguayo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanyi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The great transformation]]></source>
<year>1944</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Boston ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Beacon Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rawls]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A Theory of justice]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The globalization paradox: why global markets, states, and democracy can&#8217;t coexist]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romanò]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Il Modello sociale ed economico di Cuba. Dal &#8220;periodo especial in tempo di pace&#8221; all&#8217;attuale tappa di &#8220;aggiornamento del socialismo&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Turín ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Trauben]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romanò]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Commercial circuits and economic inequality]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gabriele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The economy of Cuba after the VI Party Congress]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>97-130</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Nova Science]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romanò]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of market-oriented reforms on inequality in transitional countries: new evidence from Cuba]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Socio-Economic Review]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>765-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stifel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exploring alternative measures of welfare in the absence of expenditure data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Review of Income and Wealth]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>463-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sastry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in mortality in developing countries: the case of child survival in São Paulo, Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Demography]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<numero>41</numero>
<issue>41</issue>
<page-range>443-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schettino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gabriele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Child malnutrition and mortality in China and Vietnam in a comparative perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Change and Restructuring]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>29-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Commodities and capabilities]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impossibility of a Paretian liberal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Political Economy]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>152-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarozzi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Calculating comparable statistics from incomparable surveys, with an application to poverty in India]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Business &amp; Economic Statistics]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>314-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ward]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Measuring the level and inequality of wealth: and application to China]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Review of Income and Wealth]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>613-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zabala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Algunas claves para pensar la pobreza en Cuba desde la mirada de jóvenes investigadores]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Acuario]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zabala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría-León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fundora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Retos a la equidad en el proceso de actualización del modelo económico cubano]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ciencias Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
