<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-4611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigaciones geográficas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Invest. Geog]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-4611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geografía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-46112021000100107</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14350/rig.60091</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Spatial and temporal variability of precipitation concentration in northeastern Brazil]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Variabilidad espacial y temporal de la concentración de precipitación en el noreste de Brasil]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teixeira Nery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jonas]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas Institute of Geosciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas São Paulo]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Estadual de Campinas Institute of Geosciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Campinas São Paulo]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>104</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-46112021000100107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-46112021000100107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-46112021000100107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Drought is a recurring natural phenomenon. It is considered a natural disaster whenever it occurs intensively in highly populated regions, resulting in significant damage (material and human) and losses (socioeconomic). In the semi-arid region of Brazil, there are frequent occurrences of drought during the rainy season, which, depending on intensity and duration, can cause significant damage to family crops, with production system characterized by low productivity indexes. Rainfed agriculture has great economic expression and high social importance, since the region is densely occupied and contributes to the establishment of countryside communities. Spatial and temporal changes in precipitation concentration have been analyzed using Precipitation Concentration Index (CI) and Concentrated Precipitation Index (PCI). The nonparametric Mann-Kendall (1975) test was used to detect monotonic trends in annual total, CI and PCI time series. The study area is the Northeastern region of Brazil, represented by 82 pluviometric stations with daily rainfall data. The results revealed that, based on CI values, precipitation occurred in much of northeastern Brazil, covering the Drought Polygon and the coastal part of this study area. Of the 82 series analyzed, 26 showed positive or negative trends, corresponding to 32% of series used. Of this total, 14% showed negative trend, i.e., a decrease in rainfall in the study area. These percentages indicate that one cannot generalize trends (positive or negative) in northeastern Brazil.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La sequía es un fenómeno natural recurrente. Se considera desastre natural cuando se produce de manera intensiva en regiones densamente pobladas, lo que provoca daños (materiales y humanos) y pérdidas (socioeconómicas) importantes. En la región semiárida de Brasil son frecuentes las sequías durante la temporada de lluvias que, dependiendo de la intensidad y duración, pueden causar daños importantes a los cultivos familiares, con un sistema de producción caracterizado por bajos índices de productividad. La agricultura de secano tiene gran expresión económica y una alta importancia social, ya que la región está densamente poblada y contribuye al establecimiento de comunidades rurales. Analizamos los cambios espaciales y temporales en la concentración de la precipitación utilizando el Índice de concentración de precipitación (CI) y el Índice de precipitación concentrada (PCI). Se usó la prueba no paramétrica de Mann-Kendall para detectar tendencias monotónicas en el total anual, el IC y las series de tiempo de ICP. El área de estudio es la región noreste de Brasil, representada por 82 estaciones pluviométricas con datos de precipitación diaria. Los resultados revelaron que, con base en los valores de CI, la precipitación se presentó en gran parte del noreste de Brasil, cubriendo el Polígono de Sequía y la parte costera de esta área de estudio. De las 82 series analizadas, 26 mostraron tendencias positivas o negativas, lo que corresponde al 32% de las series utilizadas. De este total, el 14% mostró tendencia negativa, es decir, una disminución de las precipitaciones en el área de estudio. Estos porcentajes indican que no se pueden generalizar tendencias (positivas o negativas) en el noreste de Brasil.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[droughts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[indexes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[precipitation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[variability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[trends]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sequías]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[índices]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[precipitación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[variabilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tendencias]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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