<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-4611</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Investigaciones geográficas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Invest. Geog]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-4611</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geografía]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-46111998000200006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cambios en la frontera Chichimeca en la región centro-norte de la Nueva España durante el siglo XVI]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cisneros Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Geografía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>1998</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>1998</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>36</numero>
<fpage>57</fpage>
<lpage>69</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-46111998000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-46111998000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-46111998000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El límite que separó a los grupos indígenas cazadores y recolectores de la zona árida del norte, con los pueblos sedentarios del centro y sur de México, fue la línea formada por el cauce de los ríos Lerma y Panuco. Los conquistadores españoles, en su afán de avanzar hacia el norte, se expandieron sobre estos territorios tan peligrosos y deshabitados, debido principalmente al descubrimiento de las grandes vetas mineras, primero en Zacatecas y luego en Guanajuato y San Luis Potosi; no obstante a lo atractivo de la región, tuvieron que modificar su estrategia expansionista por medio de una política de ocupación territorial a través de la fundación de diferentes tipos de asentamientos como fueron las villas, misiones, presidios, centros mineros y pueblos de indios, además de interesarse más en la seguridad y defensa. Ello trajo como consecuencia que la línea fronteriza con los chichimecas fuera desplazándose cada vez más al norte, modificándola en una frontera móvil y combativa.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The border that separated the hunters and recollectors groups of the North Arid zone joined with the sedentars of the center and south of Mexico it was the border iine made by the origin of Lerma and Panuco rivers. The Spanish conquers using their objective to go ahead to the north, they established over those too dangerous and deshabited territories, especially because of the discoveries made by the mineral seams, it was first in Zacatecas and later in Guanajuato and San Luis Potosí; even it was an attractive region, they had to modify their expansionist estrategy following a politic territorial invasion through different kinds of foundation establishments as the villages, missions, presidios, mineral centres and indigen towns were, therefore they were interested in the security and defense. It brought the result of the border line with the "chichimecas" expanding toward the North followed by these new populations modifying a battle mobile border.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[chichimecas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[españoles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[frontera]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[avance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chichimecas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[the Spanish]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[frontier]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[advance]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Cambios en la frontera Chichimeca en la regi&oacute;n centro&#45;norte de la Nueva Espa&ntilde;a durante el siglo XVI</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Gabriela Cisneros Guerrero*</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>*Autor para correspondencia: Instituto de Geograf&iacute;a, UNAM (becaria de Posgrado)</i></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido: abril 2<i>,</i> 1998    <br> 	Aceptado en versi&oacute;n final, junio 30, 1993</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">El l&iacute;mite que separ&oacute; a los grupos ind&iacute;genas cazadores y recolectores de la zona &aacute;rida del norte, con los pueblos sedentarios del centro y sur de M&eacute;xico, fue la l&iacute;nea formada por el cauce de los r&iacute;os Lerma y Panuco. Los conquistadores espa&ntilde;oles, en su af&aacute;n de avanzar hacia el norte, se expandieron sobre estos territorios tan peligrosos y deshabitados, debido principalmente al descubrimiento de las grandes vetas mineras, primero en Zacatecas y luego en Guanajuato y <i>San Luis Potosi; no obstante</i> a lo atractivo de la regi&oacute;n, tuvieron que modificar su estrategia expansionista por medio de una pol&iacute;tica de ocupaci&oacute;n territorial a trav&eacute;s de la fundaci&oacute;n de diferentes tipos de asentamientos como fueron las villas, misiones, presidios, centros mineros y pueblos de indios, adem&aacute;s de interesarse m&aacute;s en la seguridad y defensa. Ello trajo como consecuencia que la l&iacute;nea fronteriza con los chichimecas fuera desplaz&aacute;ndose cada vez m&aacute;s al norte, modific&aacute;ndola en una frontera m&oacute;vil y combativa.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Palabras clave</b>: chichimecas, espa&ntilde;oles, frontera, avance.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The border that separated the hunters and recollectors groups of the North Arid zone joined with the sedentars of the center and south of Mexico it was the border iine made by the origin of Lerma and Panuco rivers. The Spanish conquers using their objective to go ahead to the north, they established over those too dangerous and deshabited territories, especially because of the discoveries made by the mineral seams, it was first in Zacatecas and later in Guanajuato and San Luis Potos&iacute;; even it was an attractive region, they had to modify their expansionist estrategy following a politic territorial invasion through different kinds of foundation establishments as the villages, missions, presidios, mineral centres and indigen towns were, therefore they were interested in the security and defense. It brought the result of the border line with the "chichimecas" expanding toward the North followed by these new populations modifying a battle mobile border.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Key words</b>: chichimecas, the Spanish, frontier, advance.</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/igeo/n36/n36a6.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>  	    <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>  	    ]]></body>
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