<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-893X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educación química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. quím]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-893X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Química]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-893X2025000100053</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fq.18708404e.2025.1.88705</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los conceptos de entalpía, entropía y equilibrio en reacciones químicas en el bachillerato. Propuesta didáctica para su enseñanza y aprendizaje]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The concepts of enthalpy, entropy and equilibrium in chemical reactions in High School. Proposal didactic for teaching and learning]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima-Arroyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alvaro Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obaya-Valdivia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adolfo Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yolanda Marina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>53</fpage>
<lpage>65</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-893X2025000100053&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-893X2025000100053&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-893X2025000100053&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Con el objetivo de que los estudiantes logren relacionar los conceptos de entalpía, entropía, reacción y equilibrio químico en su vida cotidiana se presenta una propuesta didáctica mediante el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos (ABPy). La propuesta se aplicó en un grupo de bachillerato. Se asignó un proyecto a cada equipo de 4-5 estudiantes. Los proyectos desarrollados fueron la obtención de un biopegamento blanco para consumo en el hogar, la neutralización de la acidez estomacal y la oxidación de hidrocarburos. En cada etapa del proyecto, los estudiantes asumieron la responsabilidad de su propio aprendizaje y el profesor sirvió solo como guía. Antes y después de la implementación de la propuesta, los estudiantes contestaron un cuestionario de preguntas de opción múltiple y abiertas. Con base en los resultados, se observó que lograron relacionar los conceptos de entalpía, entropía y equilibrio con las reacciones químicas y su importancia en la vida cotidiana. También, se evidenció que se redujeron las concepciones alternativas de los conceptos temperatura, calor, trabajo, entalpía, entropía, espontaneidad y equilibrio químico, al ser analizados desde la química en contexto.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract A didactic sequence is presented with the aim of enabling students to integrate the concepts of enthalpy, entropy, chemical reaction, and balance into their daily lives through the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) strategy. The strategy was applied in a group of the High School. A project was assigned to each team of 4-5 students. The projects developed were the obtaining of a white bioglue for home consumption, the neutralization of stomach acidity and the oxidation of hydrocarbons. At each stage of the project, students took responsibility for their own learning and the teacher served only as a guide. Before and after the implementation of the strategy, a questionnaire with multiple-choice and open-ended questions was applied. Based on the results, an improvement was observed in the correlation of the concepts of enthalpy, entropy and equilibrium with chemical reactions and their importance in everyday life. Also, it was evidenced that the alternative conceptions of the concepts of temperature, heat, work, enthalpy, entropy, spontaneity and chemical equilibrium were reduced, when analyzed from chemistry in context.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ABPy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[entalpía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[entropía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reacción química]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[equilibrio químico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bachillerato]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Project-Based Learning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[enthalpy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[entropy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chemical reaction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[chemical balance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[high school]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Akbulut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A holistic approach to entropy in science education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Online Journal of Education and Teaching (IOJET)]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1913-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aparicio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Moneo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Los estudios sobre el cambio conceptual y las aportaciones de la Psicología del Aprendizaje]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tarbiya. Revista de Investigación e Innovación Educativa]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>16-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayyildiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Problem-based learning in teaching chemistry: Enthalpy changes in systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Research in Science &amp; Technological Education]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>35-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Towns]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Investigation of undergraduate and graduate chemistry students&#8217; understanding of thermodynamic driving forces in chemical reactions and dissolution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Chemical Education]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>95</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enhancing undergraduate students&#8217; chemistry understanding through project-based learning in an IT environment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science Education]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>117-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ben-Naim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Entropy: Order or information]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Chemical Education]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>594-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bopegedera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M. R. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. N. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8220;Greening&#8221; a familiar general chemistry experiment: Coffee cup calorimetry to determine the enthalpy of neutralization of an acid-base reaction and the specific heat capacity of metals]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Chemical Education]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>94</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>494-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caamaño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enseñar química en contexto: Un recorrido por los proyectos de química en contexto desde la década de los 80 hasta la actualidad]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación Química]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>20-238</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carretero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cambio conceptual en la enseñanza de la historia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tarbiya. Revista de Investigación e Innovación Educativa]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>73-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raviolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las dificultades de los alumnos al relacionar distintos niveles de representación de una reacción química]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Universitas Scientiarum]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>35-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ceretti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zalts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Experimentos en contexto: Química. Manual de laboratorio]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pearson Educación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cubero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Concepciones alternativas, preconceptos, errores conceptuales. ¿Distinta terminología y un mismo significado?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigación en la Escuela]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>23</numero>
<issue>23</issue>
<page-range>33-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuéllar López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las concepciones alternativas de los estudiantes sobre la naturaleza de la materia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Iberoamericana de Educación]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dingrado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gregg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hainen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winstrom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Química: Materia y cambio]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[McGraw-Hill]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erickson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Heat and temperature: Part A.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Driver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guesne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tiberghien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Children&#8217;s ideas in science]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<page-range>52-66</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Open University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores Camacho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ulloa Lugo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Covarrubias Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The concept of entropy, from its origins to teachers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Física E]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>69-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeppsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haglund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strömdahl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exploiting language in teaching of entropy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Baltic Science Education]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>27-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Le Maréchal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.-F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[El Bilani]]></surname>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teaching and learning chemical thermodynamics in school]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Thermodynamics]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>91-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meissler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fischer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Inorganic chemistry]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pearson]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nilsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niedderer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Undergraduate students&#8217; conceptions of enthalpy, enthalpy change and related concepts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chemistry Education Research and Practice Journal]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>336-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obaya-Valdivia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montaño-Osorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Exploratory study to determine the effectiveness of discussion sessions as a teaching strategy on the concepts of spontaneity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science Education International]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>422-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Obaya-Valdivia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima-Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aprendizaje basado en problemas: ¿En qué tiempo se descompone la leche pasteurizada a temperatura ambiente?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación Química]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>99-109</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palmer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarju]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inclusive outreach activity targeting negative alternate conceptions of chemistry]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Chemical Education]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1827-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raviolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Una revisión sobre las concepciones alternativas de los estudiantes en relación con el equilibrio químico. Clasificación y síntesis de sugerencias didácticas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación Química]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>159-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribero Amaral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleury Mortimer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Un perfil conceptual para la entropía y espontaneidad: Una caracterización de las formas de pensar y hablar en el aula de Química]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación Química]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>218-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Higson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Concepciones alternativas sobre los conceptos de energía, calor y temperatura de los docentes en formación del Instituto Pedagógico en Santiago, Panamá]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Electrónica Actualidades Investigativas en Educación]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Talanquer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Commonsense chemistry: A model for understanding students&#8217; alternative conceptions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Chemical Education]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>811-316</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
