<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-893X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educación química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. quím]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-893X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Química]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-893X2022000200235</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fq.18708404e.2022.2.80758</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Obsolete Models in Introductory and Organic Chemistry]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Modelos Obsoletos en Química General y Orgánica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lamoureux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ogilvie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Química ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Pedro de Montes de Oca San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigaciones en Productos Naturales  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Pedro de Montes de Oca San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Simon Fraser University Centre for Experimental and Constructive Mathematics Department of Mathematics]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Burnaby British Columbia]]></addr-line>
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>235</fpage>
<lpage>247</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-893X2022000200235&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-893X2022000200235&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-893X2022000200235&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In this analysis, we discuss two models in chemistry that we consider obsolete: hybrid atomic orbitals (HAO) and valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR). We present a thorough discussion, with examples in hypervalent and main-group molecules, of problems when and where HAO are used. Common misconceptions in the use of HAO are highlighted, particularly in relation to purported lone pairs. VSEPR is then shown to be problematic; the links among HAO, VSEPR and resonance structures present further anomalies.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En el presente artículo se discuten dos modelos en química que consideramos obsoletos: el modelo de orbitales atómicos híbridos (OAH) y el modelo de repulsión de los pares de electrones de la capa de valencia (RPECV). Se presenta una discusión exhaustiva, con ejemplos de moléculas hipervalentes y de elementos de grupo principal, de los conflictos conceptuales que surgen a raíz del uso de los OAH en cursos introductorios de química para la explicación de algunos fenómenos, por ejemplo los supuestos pares de electrons libres. También, el modelo de RPECV muestra ser problemático. La relación entre los modelos de OAH, RPECV y las estructuras de resonancia manifiesta anomalías.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hybrid atomic orbitals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[valence-shell electron-pair repulsion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[teaching introductory chemistry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Modelo de orbitales atómicos híbridos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelo de repulsión de los pares de electrones de la capa de valencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cursos introductorios de química]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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