<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-893X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Educación química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Educ. quím]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-893X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Química]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-893X2022000200106</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fq.18708404e.2022.2.79856</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Problem-solving methodology in chemical technician education]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Metodología de resolución de problemas en la formación de técnicos químicos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel das Chagas de Azevedo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Passos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Camila Greff]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tania Denise Miskinis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>106</fpage>
<lpage>118</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-893X2022000200106&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-893X2022000200106&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-893X2022000200106&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In this article, we present the analysis of a problemsolving activity performed during a chemical technician course. We examine the contributions of the teaching sequence when implemented in the development of conceptual, procedural, and attitudinal learning, focusing on environmental issues related to pesticides. In our investigation, we also report the perception of students regarding the teaching and learning processes. The research was carried out in a public school in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, involving 29 students of the chemical technician course. The students solved problems created to address different approaches concerning pesticides. Data were obtained by the analysis of the researchers&#8217; field diaries and questionnaires of the class in which the students participated in the problem-solving activity. The results showed that the teaching sequence favoured conceptual, procedural, and attitudinal learning related to problem-solving and the environmental hazards that pesticides can cause. It was observed that the problem-solving methodology favoured the students&#8217; autonomy, which is the ability to self-govern, to make one&#8217;s own decisions, and to be critical and reflective.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En este artículo presentamos el análisis de una actividad de resolución de problemas realizada durante un curso de técnico químico. Examinamos las contribuciones de la secuencia enseñanza cuando se implementa en el desarrollo del aprendizaje conceptual, procedimental y actitudinal, enfocándonos en temas ambientales relacionados con plaguicidas. En nuestra investigación, también reportamos la percepción de los estudiantes sobre procesos de enseñanzas y de aprendizajes. La investigación se llevó a cabo en una escuela pública de la ciudad de Porto Alegre, Brasil, con la participación de 29 estudiantes del curso de técnico químico. Los estudiantes resolvieron problemas creados para abordar diferentes enfoques relacionados con los pesticidas. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante el análisis de los diarios de campo de los investigadores y los cuestionarios de la clase en la que los estudiantes participaron en la actividad de resolución de problemas. Los resultados mostraron que la secuencia enseñanza favoreció el aprendizaje conceptual, procedimental y actitudinal relacionado con la resolución de problemas y los daños ambientales que pueden causar los plaguicidas. Se observó que la metodología de resolución de problemas favoreció la autonomía de los estudiantes, que es la capacidad de autogobernarse, tomar sus propias decisiones, ser crítico y reflexivo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pesticide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chemistry Teaching]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chemical Technician Course]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Problem-Solving]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Plaguicida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enseñanza de la Química]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Curso de Técnico Químico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Resolución de Problemas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bodner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Using students&#8217; representations constructed during problem solving to infer conceptual understanding]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Chemical Education]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>837-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Pedagogy of freedom: Ethics, democracy, and civic courage]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Maryland ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M. E. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. A. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Material synthesis: magnetic ceramics. Experimental proposal on problems-based learning]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación Química]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>52-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. S. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Passos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The problem-solving methodology: an experience for the study of chemical bonds]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Química Nova]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>468-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pombo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epistemologia da interdisciplinaridade]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ideação]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>9-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pozo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A solução de problemas: aprender a resolver, resolver para aprender]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Artmed]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Aznar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The methodology of problem-solving as an investigation (MPSI): an inquiry approach for developing the scientific competence in diversification program students]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Enseñanza de las Ciencias]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>469-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dorscheid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Passos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sirtori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development of a Waste Management Program in Technical Chemistry Teaching]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Chemical Education]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>95</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>570-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Passos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. D. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The problem-solving methodology in science teaching: the characteristics of an Effective Problem]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Ensaio]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>22</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. C. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. B. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of the application of the methodology problem-based learning in the discipline of information technology and communication in chemistry teaching]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educación Química]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>64-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Case Study Research: Design and Methods]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Poison is on the Table 1]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[YouTube]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Poison is on the Table 2]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[YouTube]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zabala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A prática educativa: como ensinar]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Porto Alegre, Brasil ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Artmed]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zowada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frerichs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zuin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eilks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Developing a lesson plan on conventional and green pesticides in chemistry education: a project of participatory action research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chemistry Education Research and Practice]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>141-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
