<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-7151</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta botánica mexicana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Act. Bot. Mex]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-7151</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Ecología A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-71512024000100120</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21829/abm131.2024.2265</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efectos de la exclusión de ganado en el reclutamiento del cardón (Pachycereus pringlei, Cactaceae) en el sur de la península de Baja California, México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Effects of livestock exclusion on the recruitment of cardón (Pachycereus pringlei, Cactaceae) in the south of the Baja California peninsula, Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcillán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva Bejarano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Paz Baja California Sur]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>131</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-71512024000100120&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-71512024000100120&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-71512024000100120&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Antecedentes y Objetivos:  El cardón (Pachycereus pringlei) es una cactácea columnar emblemática del Desierto Sonorense, región donde desde hace siglos la ganadería de libre pastoreo ha estado presente, tanto en la península de Baja California como en Sonora. Sin embargo, se desconoce el efecto que pueda tener en la dinámica poblacional del cardón. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar si la exclusión al ganado por casi tres décadas tuvo algún efecto observable en la probabilidad de reclutamiento del cardón y en la relación de los nuevos reclutas con dos leguminosas nodrizas (Olneya tesota y Prosopis articulata).  Métodos: Se registró la presencia y tamaño de cardones y de las dos leguminosas nodrizas en transectos. Estos distribuidos en dos condiciones, con ganado y exclusión de 27 años, en parcelas establecidas en un matorral árido del sur de la península de Baja California, México. Se analizó si existen diferencias entre ambas condiciones en (i) la probabilidad de reclutamiento del cardón y (ii) la asociación de los nuevos reclutas con las leguminosas nodrizas.  Resultados clave:  No se encontraron diferencias en la probabilidad de reclutamiento entre área con ganado y exclusión de ganado. Sin embargo, sí se observaron diferencias en la asociación de los cardones reclutados y las leguminosas nodrizas, siendo positiva en sitios con ganado y ausente en sitios con exclusión del mismo.  Conclusiones:  La falta de diferencias en la probabilidad de reclutamiento entre condiciones podría deberse a la influencia de procesos que actúan a escalas espacio-temporales mayores que las de nuestro estudio. Por ejemplo, la escala temporal, potencialmente multidecenal, de los pulsos de reclutamiento del cardón o la escala espacial de los rangos de actividad de polinizadores, dispersores y consumidores de semillas. Nuestros resultados subrayan la importancia de la escala espacio-temporal en el estudio de la dinámica de especies longevas en regiones áridas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Background and Aims:  The cardón (Pachycereus pringlei) is a columnar cactus emblematic of the Sonoran Desert, a region where free-range livestock grazing has been present for centuries, both in the Baja California peninsula and in Sonora. However, the effect of livestock on the population dynamics of the cardón is unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze whether the exclusion of livestock for nearly three decades had any observable effect on the recruitment probability of the cardón and on the relationship of the new recruits with two nurse legumes (Olneya tesota and Prosopis articulata).  Methods:  The presence and size of cardón and the two nurse legumes were recorded in transects. These were distributed under two conditions, with livestock presence and with 27 years of livestock exclusion, in plots established in an arid shrubland in the south of the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. The study analyzed whether there were differences between these two conditions in (i) the recruitment probability of the cardón, and (ii) the association of new recruits with the nurse legumes.  Key results:  No differences were found in the recruitment probability between area with livestock and area with livestock exclusion. However, differences were observed in the association between recruited cardón individuals and nurse legumes, being positive in sites with livestock and absent in sites with livestock exclusion.  Conclusions:  The lack of differences in recruitment probability between conditions could be due to the influence of processes acting at spatio-temporal scales larger than those of our study. For example, the temporal scale, potentially multi-decadal, of cardón recruitment pulses or the spatial scale of activity ranges of pollinators, seed dispersers and consumers. Our results underscore the importance of spatio-temporal scale in studying the dynamics of long-lived species in arid regions.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cactus columnares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desierto Sonorense]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[facilitación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[herbivoría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[leguminosas nodrizas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[columnar cacti]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[facilitation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[herbivory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nurse legumes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sonoran Desert]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A systematic review of wild burro grazing effects on Mojave Desert vegetation, USA]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Management]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>809-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bates]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petersen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allphin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rooks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of cattle disturbance on change in population densities and flowering of Wright fishhook cactus (Sclerocactus wrightiae L.D. Benson)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Southwestern Naturalist]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>304-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Demographic patterns of Ferocactus cylindraceus in relation to substrate age and grazing history]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Ecology]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>133</volume>
<page-range>37-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bravo-Hollis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Mejorada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las Cactáceas de México]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D.F., México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bravo-Hollis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Mejorada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las Cactáceas de México]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D.F., México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bravo-Hollis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Mejorada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las Cactáceas de México]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D.F., México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bucher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chaco and Caatinga-South American arid savannas, woodlands and thickets]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huntley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ecology of tropical savannas. Ecological Studies]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<page-range>48-79</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Berlin, Germany ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer Verlag]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bullock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martijena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Webb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Twentieth century demographic changes in cirio and cardón in Baja California, Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Biogeography]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>127-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Búrquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quintana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Islands of diversity: Ironwood ecology and the richness of perennials in a Sonoran Desert biological reserve]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nabhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Occasional Papers in Conservation Biology by Conservation International]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<page-range>9-27</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C., USA ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrillo-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Á.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León de la Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.-L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bashan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bethlenfalvay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nurse plants, mycorrhizae, and plant establishment in a disturbed area of the Sonoran Desert]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Restoration Ecology]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>321-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CONAGUA</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Proyecto de bases de datos climatológicos periodo 1940-2021]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Comisión Nacional del Agua (CONAGUA)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winkler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Swann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Demographic changes over &gt;70yr in a population of saguaro cacti (Carnegiea gigantea) in the northern Sonoran Desert]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>139</volume>
<page-range>41-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[del Barco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. ca]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Correcciones y adiciones a la historia o noticia de la California en su primera edicio&#769;n de Madrid, an&#771;o de 1757]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leo&#769;n-Portilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Historia natural y cro&#769;nica de la antigua California]]></source>
<year>1780</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Me&#769;xico, D.F., México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones Histo&#769;ricas, Universidad Nacional Auto&#769;noma de Me&#769;xico]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcillán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ezcurra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the age and growth rate of giant cacti: radiocarbon dating of the spines of cardon (Pachycereus pringlei)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiocarbon]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>479-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcillán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ezcurra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The giant columnar cactus Pachycereus pringlei adaptively modifies its stem shape from the dry tropics into the arid mid-latitude deserts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>146</volume>
<page-range>10-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drezner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The keystone saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea, Cactaceae): a review of its ecology, associations, reproduction, limits, and demographics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Ecology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>215</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>581-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Félix-Burruel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Variaciones temporales y espaciales en las tasas de reclutamiento y mortalidad de cardón (Pachycereus pringlei)]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ensenada, Baja California, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones Científicas de Ensenada]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Félix-Burruel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Búrquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Episodic recruitment in the saguaro cactus is driven by multidecadal periodicities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecology]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>102</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleischner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ecological costs of livestock grazing in Western North America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Conservation Biology]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>629-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[C. T. Sahley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. N. Holland]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[J. D. Nason]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L. Hamrick]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sonoran desert columnar cacti and the evolution of generalized pollination systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecological Monographs]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>511-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaitán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguiar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buono]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakamatsu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ciari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salomone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Massara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maestre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aridity and overgrazing have convergent effects on ecosystem structure and functioning in Patagonian rangelands]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Land Degradation &amp; Devevlopment]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>210-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Modificaciones al Sistema de clasificación climática de Köppen]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<edition>5 ed</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D.F., México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Geografía, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Moya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Contribution of shrubs to the nitrogen economy of a desert-wash plant community]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecology]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>81-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garvie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Decay-induced biomineralization of the saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Mineralogist]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<page-range>1879-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garvie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Decay of cacti and carbon cycling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Naturwissenschaften]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>93</volume>
<page-range>114-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibbens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McNeely]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Havstad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nolen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vegetation changes in the Jornada Basin from 1858 to 1998]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>651-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Godínez-Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega-Baes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Demographic trends in the Cactaceae]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Botanical Review]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>173-203</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Golubov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandujano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eguiarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The paradox of mesquites (Prosopis spp.): Invading species or biodiversity enhancers?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Boletín de la Sociedad Botánica de México]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<page-range>23-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schlumpberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eguiarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magallón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Beyond aridification: multiple explanations for the elevated diversification of cacti in the New World Succulent Biome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[New Phytologist]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>202</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1382-97</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jime&#769;nez-Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eguiarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Candy barrel cactus (Echinocactus platyacanthus Link &amp; Otto): a traditional plant resource in Mexico subject to uncontrolled extraction and browsing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Botany]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<page-range>99-108</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Longland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of cattle grazing on salt desert rodent communities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The American Midland Naturalist]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>141</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lariviere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bates]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of cattle traffic on Sclerocactus wrightiae]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Land]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>853</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León de la Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez-Cadena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medel-Narváez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biological characteristics and nutritive value of aborted flowers of the cardón (Pachycereus pringlei, Cactaceae) in Baja California Sur, Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Haseltonia]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>9-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León de la Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez-Cadena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Herbivory of feral goats on Espíritu Santo Island, Gulf of California, Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SIDA, Contributions to Botany]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>1135-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acebes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giannoni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Traba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Feral livestock threatens landscapes dominated by columnar cacti]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Oecologica]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>249-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martorell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The measurement of chronic disturbance and its effects on the threatened cactus Mammillaria pectinifera]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biological Conservation]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>124</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>199-207</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martorell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcillán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casillas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ruderality in extreme-desert cacti? Population effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance on Echinocereus lindsayi]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Population Ecology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>335-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martorell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montañana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ureta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandujano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessing the importance of multiple threats to an endangered globose cactus in Mexico: cattle grazing, looting and climate change]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biological Conservation]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>181</volume>
<page-range>73-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alkon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. U.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of grazing and shrub removal on small mammal populations in southern New Mexico, USA]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>76-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maza-Villalobos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Endress]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Toledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plant functional traits under cattle grazing and fallow age scenarios in a tropical dry forest of Northwestern Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Basic and Applied Ecology]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<page-range>30-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McAuliffe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prey refugia and the distributions of two Sonoran Desert Cacti]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oecologia]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<page-range>82-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medel-Narváez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Biología floral y estructura poblacional de cardón (Pachycereus pringlei (S. Wats.) Britton &amp; Rose (Cactaceae) en El Comitán, Baja California Sur]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Paz, Baja California Sur, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medel-Narvaez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León de la Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freaner-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina-Freaner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patterns of abundance and population structure of Pachycereus pringlei (Cactaceae), a columnar cactus of the Sonoran Desert]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Ecology]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>187</volume>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Córdova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinoza-Villavicencio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ávila-Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murillo-Amador]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of minerals of shrub plant forages consumed by goats in the arid southern rangeland of the peninsula of Baja California, Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>511-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Metzger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Counghenour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of seasonal grazing on plant species diversity and vegetation structure in a semi-arid ecosystem]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>147-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miguel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seed removal by different functional mammal groups in a protected and grazed landscape of the Monte, Argentina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Seed Science Research]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>174-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montes-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orduño-Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Amador]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Browse species trends in sarcocaulescent shrublands used by creole goats and other domestic herbivores]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>193</volume>
<numero>104592</numero>
<issue>104592</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montesinos-Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verdú]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Querejeta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valiente-Banuet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nurse shrubs can receive water stored in the parenchyma of their facilitated columnar cacti]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>165</volume>
<page-range>10-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niering]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whittaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lowe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The saguaro: a population in relation to environment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<volume>142</volume>
<numero>3588</numero>
<issue>3588</issue>
<page-range>15-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferguson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mihail]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea) mortality and population regeneration in the cactus forest of Saguaro National Park: seventy-five years and counting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS ONE]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borghi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acebes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almirón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of bark damage by feral herbivores on columnar cactus Echinopsis (=Trichocereus) terscheckii reproductive output]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>981-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ezcurra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León de la Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Functional morphology of a sarcocaulescent desert scrub in the bay of La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>413-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>R Core Team</collab>
<source><![CDATA[R: A language and environment for statistical computing]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Vienna, Austria ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[R Foundation for Statistical Computing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Orduña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero-Vadillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armenta-Quintana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ávalos-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diet and nutrition of range goats on a sarcocaulescent shrubland from Baja California Sur, Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Small Ruminant Research]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>166-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rickart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bienek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rowe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of livestock grazing on plant and small mammal communities in the Ruby Mountains, northeastern Nevada]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Western North American Naturalist]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>505-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seminario-Peña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estructura y dinámica poblacional del cardón (Pachyereus pringlei, Cactaceae) en la Bahía de La Paz (B.C.S.) con base en una década de registros (2009-2019)]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Paz, Baja California Sur, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva-Pereyra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. C. R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Demografía comparativa de Pachycereus pringlei en dos unidades geográficas contrastantes del paisaje en Baja California Sur, México]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México, D.F., México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seedling performance in a trioecious cactus, Pachycereus pinglei: Effects of maternity and paternity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Systematics and Evolution]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>218</volume>
<page-range>145-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Why are columnar cacti associated with nurse plants?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valiente-Banuet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Columnar Cacti and their Mutualists]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<page-range>306-23</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Tucson, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The University of Arizona Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steenbergh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lowe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ecology of the saguaro. III. Growth and demography]]></source>
<year>1983</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C., USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[USDI, National Park Service]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[H., G. P.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Suzán]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The importance of Olneya tesota Gray as a nurse plant in the Sonoran Desert]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Vegetation Science]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>635-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suzán-Azpiri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparative performance of the giant cardon cactus (Pachycereus pringlei) seedlings under two leguminous nurse plant species]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>351-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tabeni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ojeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ecology of the Monte Desert small mammals in disturbed and undisturbed habitats]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>244-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tadey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Grazing without grasses: effects of introduced livestock on plant community composition in an arid environment in northern Patagonia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Applied Vegetation Science]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>109-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tewksbury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petrovich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influences of ironwood as a habitat modifier species: A case study on the Sonoran Desert coast of the Sea of Cortez]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nabhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ironwood: An ecological and cultural keystone of the Sonoran Desert. Occasional Papers in Conservation Biology 1]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<page-range>29-54</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C., USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Conservation International]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgess]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sonoran desert plants: an ecological atlas]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Tucson, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Arizona Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valderrain-Algara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León de la Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La vegetación en montículos de la Bahía de La Paz, Baja California Sur, México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Polibotánica]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>67-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valiente-Banuet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ezcurra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Shade as a cause of the association between the cactus Neobuxbaumia tetetzo and nurse plant Mimosa luisana in the Tehuacán Valley, México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Ecology]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>961-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valiente-Banuet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arizmendi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Godínez-Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dávila-Aranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biotic interactions and population dynamics of columnar cacti]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Columnar cacti and their mutualists. Evolution, ecology, and conservation]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<page-range>225-40</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Tucson, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Arizona Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valiente-B.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arizmendi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León de la Luz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Breceda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cancino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influencia de la evolución de una pendiente piedemonte en una vegetación de cardonal de Pachycereus pringlei en Baja California Sur, México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigaciones Geográficas]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>101-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[West]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nabhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suzán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castaño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ironwood diversity study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nabhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Behan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desert Ironwood Primer. Biodiversity and uses associated with ancient legume and cactus forests in the Sonoran Desert]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<page-range>46-58</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Tucson, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez del Río]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How important are columnar cacti as sources of water and nutrients for desert consumers? A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Isotopes Environmental Health Studies]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>53-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winkler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huxman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Swann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The interaction of drought and habitat explain space-time patterns of establishment in saguaro (Carnegiea gigantea)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>621-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zavala-Hurtado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di&#769;az-Soli&#769;s]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Repair, growth, age and reproduction in the giant columnar cactus Cephalocereus columna-trajani (Karwinski ex. Pfeiffer) Schumann (Cactaceae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Arid Environments]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>21-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B75">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcillán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva-Bejarano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efectos de la exclusión de ganado en el reclutamiento del cardón (Pachycereus pringlei, Cactaceae) en el sur de la península de Baja California, México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Botanica Mexicana]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>131</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
