<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-6961</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios fronterizos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estud. front]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-6961</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Baja California]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-69612023000100107</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21670/ref.2307118</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Trabajadores transfronterizos o commuters internacionales en la frontera México-Estados Unidos: evolución e importancia económica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Cross-border workers or international commuters at the Mexico-US border: evolution and economic importance]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orraca Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,El Colegio de la Frontera Norte Departamento de Estudios Económicos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Tijuana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-69612023000100107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-69612023000100107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-69612023000100107&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Este artículo analiza la evolución de los trabajadores transfronterizos que residen en México y laboran en Estados Unidos y cuantifica su importancia económica. Con base en información censal y la ENIGH se estiman modelos de regresión lineal y Tobit. Durante el periodo 2000-2020, el número de transfronterizos aumentó ligeramente y la participación de los estadounidenses dentro de este grupo se incrementó sustancialmente. En 2020, los transfronterizos aportaron 7.3% de la masa salarial y ejercieron 7.5% del gasto total de los municipios del norte de México. Además, el tener a un transfronterizo en el hogar se asocia con un gasto 56.8% mayor en México y 283.1% mayor en Estados Unidos. El ser transfronterizo representa para las personas del norte de México con posibilidades de laborar en Estados Unidos una estrategia efectiva para maximizar su ingreso y acceder a un mejor nivel de vida.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This article analyzes the evolution of cross-border workers who reside in Mexico and work in the United States and quantifies their economic importance. Based on census information and the ENIGH, a series of linear regression and Tobit models are estimated. During the 2000-2020 period, the number of cross-border workers grew slightly and the share of US-born within this group increased substantially. In 2020, cross-border workers contributed 7.3% of the salary mass and disbursed 7.5% of the total expenditures made in the municipalities of northern Mexico. Moreover, having a cross-border worker in the household is associated with an expenditure that is 56.8% higher in Mexico and 283.1% higher in the United States. Being a cross-border worker represents an effective strategy for the people from northern Mexico with the possibility of working in the United States to maximize their income and access a better quality of life.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trabajadores transfronterizos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[commuters internacionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[compras transfronterizas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[frontera México-Estados Unidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cross-border workers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international commuters]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cross-border shopping]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico-US border]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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