<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-6961</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios fronterizos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estud. front]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-6961</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Baja California]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-69612017000300041</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21670/ref.2017.37.a03</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[De víctimas de trata a victimarios: Los agentes facilitadores del cruce fronterizo reclutados por los cárteles mexicanos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[From victims of trafficking to felons: Migrant smugglers recruited by Mexican cartels]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Izcara Palacios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simón Pedro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas Educación y Humanidades Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria de Ciencias]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>37</numero>
<fpage>41</fpage>
<lpage>60</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-69612017000300041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-69612017000300041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-69612017000300041&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es examinar qué métodos utilizan los cárteles de la droga mexicanos para reclutar a agentes facilitadores del cruce fronterizo y cuáles son las actividades que los ex agentes facilitadores del cruce fronterizo realizan para estas organizaciones. Para ello se utilizó una metodología cualitativa que incluyó la realización, entre los años 2011 y 2015, de entrevistas a 107 agentes facilitadores del cruce fronterizo (105 varones y 2 mujeres). Este artículo concluye que a partir de 2013 se ha producido un incremento del reclutamiento no forzado de agentes facilitadores del cruce fronterizo por los cárteles de las drogas mexicanos, y que las actividades que realizan son cada vez más violentas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The objective of this paper is to examine what are the methods used by Mexican drug cartels to recruit migrant smugglers and which are the activities carried by former migrant smugglers in these organizations. A qualitative methodology was used, consistent in the realization, between 2011 and 2015, of interviews with 107 migrant smugglers (105 men and 2 women). This paper concludes that after 2013 former migrant smugglers have been recruited by drug cartels in higher numbers without coercion, and that the activities carried out by them are increasingly violent.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[agentes facilitadores del cruce fronterizo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cárteles de la droga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estados Unidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[migrant smugglers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[drug cartels]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[United States]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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