<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-6236</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-6236</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-62362024000100036</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20937/atm.53303</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The effects of climate warming on large-scale atmospheric systems of the Northern Hemisphere]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mahavarpour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Zahra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khoshhal Dastjerdi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Masoudian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Seyed Abolfazl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nasresfahani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mohammad Ali]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Isfahan Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Isfahan ]]></addr-line>
<country>Iran</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Isfahan Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Isfahan ]]></addr-line>
<country>Iran</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Isfahan Faculty of Geographical Sciences and Planning ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Isfahan ]]></addr-line>
<country>Iran</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Shahrekord Faculty of Agricultur Department of Water Resources Engineering]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Shahrekord]]></addr-line>
<country>Iran</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-62362024000100036&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-62362024000100036&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-62362024000100036&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT In the present study, we examine the impact of climate warming on the variability of the main climatic drivers in the northern hemisphere, using 40 years (1979-2018) of ERA-Interim reanalysis data. We applied Sen&#8217;s slope estimator and the Mann-Kendall significance test to identify regions with significant variability of 500-1000 hPa thickness. The findings reveal that climate warming is particularly pronounced at latitudes ranging from 80º to 90º and also in subtropical regions. The increase in thickness is most notable in mid-latitudes during the summer season, owing to climate warming. The steeper trend slope observed in autumn indicates a faster warming rate compared to other seasons. Moreover, despite climate warming, significant trends in large-scale atmospheric circulation systems demonstrate the strengthening of the Siberian high-pressure in winter and autumn. Additionally, a segment of the core of the Azores high-pressure system has also experienced strengthening during winter. Conversely, the monsoon and Aleutian low-pressure systems have weakened in spring and winter, respectively. The subtropical high-pressure system exhibits a positive and significant trend in winter, spring, and summer, aligning with the positive significant trends observed in atmospheric thickness, thereby confirming the effects of climate warming.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN En el presente estudio examinamos el impacto del calentamiento climático en la variabilidad de los principales impulsores climáticos en el hemisferio norte, utilizando 40 años (1979-2018) de datos de reanálisis de ERA-Interim. Para identificar regiones con variabilidad significativa de espesor de 500-1000 hPa, aplicamos el estimador de pendiente de Sen y la prueba de significancia de Mann-Kendall. Los hallazgos revelan que el calentamiento climático es particularmente pronunciado en latitudes que fluctúan entre 80º y 90º y también en regiones subtropicales. El aumento de espesor es más notable en las latitudes medias durante el verano, debido al calentamiento climático. La pendiente más pronunciada observada en otoño indica un ritmo de calentamiento más rápido en comparación con otras estaciones. A pesar del calentamiento climático, tendencias significativas en los sistemas de circulación atmosférica a gran escala demuestran el fortalecimiento de la alta presión siberiana en invierno y otoño; además, un segmento del núcleo del sistema de alta presión de las Azores también se fortalece durante el invierno. Por el contrario, los sistemas de baja presión del monzón y de las Aleutianas se debilitan en primavera e invierno, respectivamente. El sistema subtropical de alta presión exhibe una tendencia positiva y significativa en invierno, primavera y verano, alineándose con las tendencias positivas significativas observadas en el espesor atmosférico, lo cual confirma los efectos del calentamiento climático.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[atmospheric thickness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[climate warming]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mann-Kendall test]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sen's slope]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[significant trends]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alizadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of ENSO teleconnections at present and under future global warming]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[WIREs Climate Change]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>15</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anscombe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tukey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The examination and analysis of residuals]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Technometrics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>141-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aragão]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porcu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cyclonic activity in the Mediterranean region from a high-resolution perspective using ECMWF ERA5 dataset]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Climate Dynamics]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<page-range>1293-310</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Banda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dzwairo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanyerere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trend analysis of selected hydro-meteorological variables for the Rietspruit sub-basin, South Africa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Water and Climate Change]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>3099-123</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bjerknes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JAB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Atmospheric teleconnections from the Equatorial Pacific. RAND Corporation]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<page-range>40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Booth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BBB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Byun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Influence of aerosols in multidecadal SST variability simulations over the North Pacific]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>120</volume>
<page-range>517-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Branstator]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Circumglobal teleconnections, the jet stream waveguide, and the North Atlantic Oscillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>1893-910</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Book review: Climate change, causes, effects and solutions. By John T. Hardy Wiley, Chichester, 2003 xii + 247 pp. ISBN 0 470 85019 1]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Weather]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<page-range>301</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castruccio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruprich-Robert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeager]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Danabasoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Msadek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modulation of Arctic Sea ice loss by atmospheric teleconnections from Atlantic Multidecadal Variability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>1419-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H-F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Potential impact of preceding Aleutian Low variation on the El Niño-Southern Oscillation during the following winter]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>3061-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H-F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enhanced impact of the Aleutian Low on increasing the Central Pacific ENSO in recent decades]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Climate and Atmospheric Science]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>1-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J-W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anomalous variation in summer tropical cyclone activity by preceding winter Aleutian low oscillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Atmospheric Science Letters]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>268-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Entekhabi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Eurasian snow cover variability and northern hemisphere climate predictability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geophysical Research Letters]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>345-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Furtado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barlow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alexeev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cherry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Arctic warming, increasing snow cover and widespread boreal winter cooling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Research Letters]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>014007</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[D&#8217;Arrigo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacoby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panagiotopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A reconstructed Siberian High index since A. D. 1599 from Eurasian and North American tree rings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geophysical Research Letters]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>L05705</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phillips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourdette]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Uncertainty in climate change projections: The role of internal variability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Climate Dynamics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>527-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Indian monsoon low-pressure systems feed up-and-over moisture transport to the southwestern Tibetan plateau: Up-and-over moisture transport]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>122</volume>
<page-range>12-151</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ming]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramaswamy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Projected changes in South Asian monsoon low-pressure systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>7275-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKenna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rigby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maycock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intensified Aleutian Low induces weak Pacific Decadal Variability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[EGUsphere]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edwards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beaugrand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kléparski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hélaouët]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Climate variability and multi-decadal diatom abundance in the Northeast Atlantic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Communications Earth and Environment]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>162</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eichler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pimenta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eichler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vital]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Living Bulimina marginata in the SW Atlantic Continental margin: Effect of the subtropical shelf front and South Atlantic central water]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Continental Shelf Research]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<page-range>88-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falarz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Azores High and Hawaiian High: Correlations, trends and shifts (1948-2018)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>138</volume>
<page-range>417-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frimpong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koranteng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molkenthin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Analysis of temperature variability utilising Mann-Kendall and Sen&#8217;s slope estimator tests in the Accra and Kumasi metropolises in Ghana]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Systems Research]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johanson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reichler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enhanced mid-latitude tropospheric warming in satellite measurements]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>312</volume>
<page-range>1179</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Poleward shift of subtropical jets inferred from satellite-observed lower-stratospheric temperatures]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>5597-603</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gadedjisso-Tossou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adjegan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kablan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A K M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rainfall and temperature trend analysis by Mann-Kendall test and significance for rainfed cereal yields in northern Togo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sci]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<page-range>17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alexander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the response of the Aleutian Low to greenhouse warming]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>3907-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TY]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hydroclimatic trends and possible climatic warming in the Canadian prairies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Resources Research]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>3009-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gascard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rafizadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rapid decline of Arctic sea ice volume: Causes and consequences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Cryosphere Discuss]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giamalaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beaulieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kassem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Future intensification of extreme Aleutian low events and their climate impacts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientific Reports]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<page-range>18395</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibbons]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chakraborti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nonparametric statistical inference]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lovric]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[International encyclopedia of statistical science]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<page-range>977-9</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer Berlin Heidelberg]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ansell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Detection of external influence on sea level pressure with a multi-model ensemble]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geophysical Research Letters]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>L19714</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Siberian High and climate change over middle to high latitude Asia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multidecadal fluctuation of the wintertime Arctic Oscillation Pattern and its implication]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>5595-608</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hannigan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Godek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The utility of 1000-500 mb thickness and weather type as a rain-snow divide: A 30-year study at Albany, NY]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Atmospheric and Climate Sciences]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>372-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirsch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Techniques of trend analysis for monthly water quality data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Water Resources Research]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>107-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoerling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hurrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tropical origins for recent North Atlantic climate change]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Science]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>292</volume>
<page-range>90-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Planetary-scale atmospheric phenomena associated with the Southern Oscillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Monthly Weather Review]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<volume>109</volume>
<page-range>813-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hunt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inness]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On the structure and dynamics of Indian monsoon depressions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Monthly Weather Review]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>144</volume>
<page-range>3391-416</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hurley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A global climatology of monsoon low pressure systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>141</volume>
<page-range>1049-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IPCC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Climate change 2021. The physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>2391</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jeong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Linderholm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kug J]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent recovery of the Siberian High intensity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Geophysical Research]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>116</volume>
<page-range>D23102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiqin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gelata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaka Gemeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Application of MK trend and test of Sen&#8217;s slope estimator to measure impact of climate change on the adoption of conservation agriculture in Ethiopia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Water and Climate Change]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>977-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ueda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atlantic effects on recent decadal trends in global monsoon]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Climate Dynamics]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<page-range>3443-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Phillips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hannay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vertenstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Community Earth System Model (CESM) Large Ensemble Project: A community resource for studying climate change in the presence of internal climate variability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<page-range>1333-49</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kotsias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lolis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hatzianastassiou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bakas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lionello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bartzokas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Objective climatology and classification of the Mediterranean cyclones based on the ERA5 data set and the use of the results for the definition of seasons]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>152</volume>
<page-range>1-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Latif]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Decadal climate variability over the North Pacific and North America: Dynamics and predictability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>2407-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JXL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new North Atlantic Oscillation index and its variability]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in atmospheric sciences]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>661-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greatbatch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trend in Northern Hemisphere winter atmospheric circulation during the last half of the twentieth century]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>3745-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maheras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flocas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patrikas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anagnostopoulou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A 40 year objective climatology of surface cyclones in the Mediterranean region: Spatial and temporal distribution]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Climatology]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<page-range>109-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palecki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Betancourt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pacific and Atlantic Ocean influences on multidecadal drought frequency in the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>101</volume>
<page-range>4136-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watanabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shiogama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inoue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Robust Arctic sea-ice influence on the frequent Eurasian cold winters in past decades]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Geoscience]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>869-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kosaka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watanabe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A reconciled estimate of the influence of Arctic sea-ice loss on recent Eurasian cooling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Climate Change]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>123-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nissen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leckebusch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ulbrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mediterranean cyclones and windstorms in a changing climate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Regional Environmental Change]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>1873-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>NOAA/NWS N</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Constant pressure charts: Thickness]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/National Weather Service]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oshima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tanimoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Regional patterns of wintertime SLP change over the North Pacific and their uncertainty in CMIP3 multi-model projections]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>90A</volume>
<page-range>385-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panagiotopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shahgedanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hannachi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stephenson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Observed trends and teleconnections of the Siberian High: A recently declining center of action]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>1411-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bansod]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Singh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trends in extreme mean sea level pressure and their characteristics during the summer monsoon season over the Indian region]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Remote Sensing]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>701-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rajendran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Srinivasan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mizuta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krishnan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Monsoon circulation interaction with Western Ghats orography under changing climate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Theoretical and Applied Climatology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>110</volume>
<page-range>555-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seidel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Randel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent widening of the tropical belt: evidence from tropopause observations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>112</volume>
<page-range>D20113</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Semenov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Latif]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Barents Sea inflow shutdown: A new mechanism for rapid climate changes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geophysical Research Letters]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<page-range>L14709</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sikka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Some aspects of the life history, structure and movement of monsoon depressions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pure and Applied Geophysics]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<volume>115</volume>
<page-range>1501-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sooraj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mujumdar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global warming and the weakening of the Asian summer monsoon circulation: Assessments from the CMIP5 models]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Climate Dynamics]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>233-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sørland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorteberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The dynamic and thermodynamic structure of monsoon low-pressure systems during extreme rainfall events]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<page-range>27039</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sukumaran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ajayamohan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Poleward shift in Indian Summer Monsoon low level jetstream under global warming]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Climate Dynamics]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>33-351</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationship between Arctic Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation on decadal timescale]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Chinese Science Bulletin]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<page-range>75-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Swart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fyfe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marshall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparing trends in the Southern Annular Mode and Surface Westerly Jet]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>8840-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trenberth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hurrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Climate Dynamics]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>303-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trigo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bigg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Decline in Mediterranean rainfall caused by weakening of Mediterranean cyclones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geophysical Research Letters]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<page-range>2913-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tyrrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karpechko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Minimal impact of model biases on Northern Hemisphere El Niño-Southern Oscillation teleconnections]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Weather and Climate Dynamics]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>913-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vicente-Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The influence of atmospheric circulation at different spatial scales on winter drought variability through a semi-arid climatic gradient in northeast Spain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Climatology]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>1427-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallace]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smoliak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johanson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Simulated versus observed patterns of warming over the extratropical Northern Hemisphere continents during the cold season]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>109</volume>
<page-range>14337-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Webster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Northern Hemisphere summer monsoon intensified by mega-El Niño/Southern Oscillation and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>110</volume>
<page-range>5347-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JXL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Circulation indices of the Aleutian low pressure system: Definitions and relationships to climate anomalies in the northern hemisphere]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in Atmospheric Sciences]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>1111-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B75">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ottera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The response of the North Pacific decadal variability to strong tropical volcanic eruptions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Climate Dynamics]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<page-range>2917-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B76">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vecchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wittenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global warming pattern formation: Sea surface temperature and rainfall]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>966-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B77">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeager]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karspeck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Danabasoglu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predicted slowdown in the rate of Atlantic sea ice loss]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Geophysical Research Letters]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>704-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B78">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Park]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Song]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Changes in the variability of the North Pacific sea surface temperature caused by direct sulfate aerosol forcing in China in a coupled general circulation model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Geophysical Research]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>118</volume>
<page-range>1261-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B79">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ST]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relationships between extratropical sea level pressure variations and the Central Pacific and Eastern Pacific types of ENSO]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>708-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B80">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stamnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of the atmospheric thickness on the atmospheric downwelling longwave radiation and snowmelt under clear-sky conditions in the Arctic and Subarctic]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Climate]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>920-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
