<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-6236</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-6236</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-62362024000100029</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20937/atm.53319</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparison of different drought monitoring indices in different climatic conditions in Iran]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahnama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Samira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shahidi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ali]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yaghoobzadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mostafa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mehran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ali Akbar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Birjand Faculty of Agriculture Department of Water Science and Engineering]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Birjand ]]></addr-line>
<country>Iran</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Birjand Faculty of Agriculture Department of Water Science and Engineering]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Birjand ]]></addr-line>
<country>Iran</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,San Jose State University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Jose California]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-62362024000100029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-62362024000100029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-62362024000100029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This study evaluates drought in different climate zones (Rasht, Shiraz, and Birjand) in Iran, using meteorological, agricultural, and remote sensing drought indices. For this purpose, NDVI, SAVI, and SR were extracted from Landsat images for 2002 and 2014-2020. Then, these indices were compared with the SPI, SPEI, and PDSI. The results indicate an increase in drought and a decrease in vegetation cover in the study area. In Rasht, where the vegetation cover is high, NDVI and SAVI were equal. In Shiraz and Birjand, where the soil effect is more significant, the distance between these two indices increased, which shows that SAVI performs better than NDVI for Shiraz and Birjand. The results also show that the drought severity could grow with decreasing rainfall and more water demand due to temperature increases, according to SPI, SPEI, and PDSI criteria. The comparison of drought indices showed that the highest correlations were between NDVI plus SAVI and SPI in Rasht, SR and SPEI in Shiraz, and NDVI and SPEI in Birjand. Based on the results of the Mann-Kendall test, the increasing trend of drought in the studied area is confirmed based on the SPI, SPEI, and PDSI. Therefore, it is suggested that remote sensing techniques combined with drought indices can be considered a suitable tool for optimal management of water resources, land use planning, and reduction of costs due to drought.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El presente estudio evalúa la sequía en diferentes zonas climáticas (Rasht, Shiraz y Birjand) de Irán utilizando índices de sequía meteorológicos, agrícolas y de teledetección. Para ello, se extrajeron los índices NDVI, SAVI y SR de imágenes Landsat correspondientes a 2002 y 2014-2020. Luego se compararon con el SPI, SPEI y PDSI. Los resultados indican un aumento en la cantidad de sequía y una disminución de la cobertura vegetal en el área de estudio. En Rasht, donde la cubierta vegetal es alta, el NDVI y el SAVI fueron iguales. En Shiraz y Birjand, donde el efecto del suelo es mayor, la distancia entre estos dos índices aumentó, lo que demuestra que el índice SAVI tiene un mejor desempeño que el NDVI para Shiraz y Birjand. Los resultados también muestran que la severidad de la sequía crecería con la disminución de las precipitaciones y una mayor demanda de agua, debido al aumento de la temperatura, según los criterios de los índices SPI, SPEI y PDSI. La comparación entre índices de sequía mostró la correlación más alta ocurrió en Rasht entre NDVI más SAVI y SPI, en Shiraz entre los índices SR y SPEI, y en Birjand entre NDVI y SPEI. Con base en los resultados de la prueba de Mann-Kendall se confirmó la tendencia creciente de sequía en el área de estudio con base en los índices SPI, SPEI y PDSI. Por lo tanto, se sugiere que el uso de técnicas de teledetección combinadas con índices de sequía puede considerarse una herramienta adecuada para la gestión óptima de los recursos hídricos, la planificación del uso del suelo y la reducción de costos por sequía.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[agricultural drought]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Iran]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Landsat]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[remote sensing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[statistical analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vegetation cover]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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