<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-6236</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-6236</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-62362018000300199</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20937/atm.2018.31.03.02</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Spatial and temporal Hurst exponent variability of rainfall series based on the climatological distribution in a semiarid region in Mexico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Lambraño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alvaro Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alvaro Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mata-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Lambraño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariangela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ensenada Baja California]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,HIDRUS  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Querétaro ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Jiutepec Morelos]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana-Seccional Montería Escuela de Ingenierías y Arquitectura Facultad de Ingeniería Civil]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Montería Córdoba]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Norte  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barranquilla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>199</fpage>
<lpage>219</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-62362018000300199&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-62362018000300199&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-62362018000300199&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT A fractal analysis from rainfall events registered in a semiarid region was carried out. The analysis was executed for Baja California, Mexico, a region that presents a high climatological variability. Rainfall data from 92 climate stations distributed along the region of study with at least 30 years of records were used. By studying the rainfall series patterns, the Hurst exponent values were obtained (both spatial and temporal) as well as their relation with the variables for annual average temperature, annual average rainfall, altitude and climatological distribution. The rescaled range method, box counting method, and multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis were successfully applied, having as a result the average value of the Hurst exponent for different time scales. Data showed that the daily rainfall series tend to present a persistent pattern; besides, the Hurst exponent values (H  u ) were related to the type of climate, altitude, rainfall regime, and temperature of the studied area. The analysis of the Hurst exponent for different time scales showed that, at a smaller time scale, the Hurst value tends to increase; thus, the series present a stronger persistent behavior. Moreover, it can be confirmed that the fractal theory methodology allows analyzing the behaivor of a climate variable, in this case rainfall.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Se realiza un análisis fractal de los eventos de lluvia registrados en Baja California, México, una región semiárida que presenta amplia variabilidad climatológica. Se utilizan series de precipitación de 92 estaciones climatológicas con longitudes de registro mayores a 30 años. Se determinan patrones y características en las series de precipitaciones a partir de valores espaciales y temporales del exponente de Hurst, así como su relación con la temperatura y precipitación media anual, altitud y distribución climatológica. Se emplean con éxito los métodos de rango reescalado, conteo de cajas y análisis multifractal de fluctuación sin tendencia, lo cual permite obtener el valor promedio del exponente de Hurst para diferentes escalas de tiempo. Los datos muestran que la series de precipitación diaria tienden a presentar un patrón persistente; además, los valores del exponente de Hurst se relacionan con el tipo de clima, la altitud, el régimen de lluvias y la temperatura en la zona de estudio. El análisis del exponente de Hurst para diferentes escalas de tiempo evidencia que dicho exponente aumenta a medida que la escala de tiempo en consideración es menor; por lo tanto, la persistencia de la serie se hace más fuerte. Por otra parte, se puede confirmar que la teoría fractal permite analizar el comportamiento de una variable climática, en este caso, la precipitación.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Time scale]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fractal dimension]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[climate variable]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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