<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-5779</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Terra Latinoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-5779</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-57792012000100089</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Optimización de seis factores productivos para el girasol]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Optimization of six productive factors for sunflower]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno R.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar Humberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isidro Roberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrara Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hermelinda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turrent Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico del Valle del Yaqui  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad Obregón Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ estado de México]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>89</fpage>
<lpage>96</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-57792012000100089&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-57792012000100089&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-57792012000100089&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El problema principal del cultivo del girasol en el Sur de Sonora es su baja rentabilidad, ocasionada por rendimientos bajos y altos costos de producción. Con el propósito de incrementar la rentabilidad de este cultivo, en este trabajo se estudiaron, por medio de un diseño en parcelas divididas, seis factores productivos: calendarios de riego, control de insectos, genotipos y dosis de N, P y densidad de plantas (N-P-D) en un sitio experimental con un suelo arcilloso, típico de la región. El objetivo fue generar tecnología para la producción de este cultivo, se postuló la hipótesis de que el girasol, con tecnología óptima, representa una alternativa rentable para el agricultor de esta región. Los resultados identificaron a los calendarios de riego, como el factor que tuvo mayor influencia en el rendimiento del girasol en los tratamientos de parcela grande, de los cuales, la aplicación de insecticidas no se justificó económicamente y la diferencia de rendimiento entre los genotipos no fue significativa. El calendario de riego óptimo fue una lámina de 15 cm en presiembra y tres riegos de auxilio de 12 cm en intervalos de 40, 30 y 20 días con una lámina acumulada de 51 cm. Debido a que la interacción entre genotipo, control de insectos y fertilizantes resultó significativa; para este calendario de 51 cm, sin la aplicación de insecticidas, se obtuvieron las dosis óptimas económicas para los tratamientos de parcela chica, para los dos genotipos. La comparación de los ingresos netos permitió recomendar al genotipo Madero-91 con una dosis óptima económica de 0 kg ha-1 de N, 0 kg ha-1 de P y 85 000 plantas por ha.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The main problem of sunflower in southern Sonora is its low profitability, which is due to low grain yield and high production costs. In order to increase the profitability of this crop, six productive factors were studied: irrigation scheduling, insect control, genotypes and N, P and density rates (N-P-D), these factors were studied in a split-plot design established in an experimental site with soil with typical clay texture. The objective of this research was to generate production technology for sunflower, in this work with optimum production technology, it was hypothesized that sunflower represents an alternative crop for this region. Results showed that irrigation schedule, was the factor with the greatest influence in sunflower yield among the treatments of whole plots, insect control is not justified economically and the yield difference among genotypes was not significant. The optimum schedule has a pre sown irrigation of 15 cm and three auxiliary irrigations of 12 cm each one, at intervals of 40, 30 and 20 days with a total irrigation depth of 51 cm. Due to the significant interaction of genotypes, insect control and fertilizers; for the optimum irrigation schedule, with no insect control, the optimum economic rates of N, P and D in small plots were obtained for each genotype. The comparison among net return permitted us to select genotype Madero-91, with an optimum rate of 0 kg ha-1 of N, 0 kg ha-1 of Pand85000 plants per ha.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[calendarios de riego]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dosis óptima económica de N-P-densidad de plantas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[irrigation schedule]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[optimum economic rates of nitrogen-phosphorus-plant density]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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