<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0186-7202</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios Económicos (México, D.F.)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estud. Econ. (México, D.F.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0186-7202</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0186-72022021000100115</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24201/ee.v36i1.411</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Changes in female employment in Mexico: Demographics, markets and policies]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cambios en la participación femenil en México: Demografía, mercados y política pública]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gladys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freije-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Samuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vergara Bahena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[México Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardozo Medeiros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,World Bank  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Chicago Booth School of Business  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>115</fpage>
<lpage>150</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0186-72022021000100115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0186-72022021000100115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0186-72022021000100115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Unemployment and labor force participation gender gaps narrowed in Mexico after the 2008 global economic crisis, when female labor force participation (FLFP) increased. This paper aims to understand the FLFP growth and identify the main determinants driving this growth. For that purpose, we estimate a probit model with data from the 2007 and 2017 National Employment Surveys, the year before the crisis, and the year when the unemployment rate returned to pre-crisis levels, respectively. Broadly, our results show that the increasing labor participation of women aged 36 to 65 sustained the growth of overall FLFP, that women&#8217;s educational attainment can offset any individual or household obstacle to women&#8217;s employability, and that childcare availability significantly increases mothers&#8217; employability.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Despúes de la crisis económica de 2008, las brechas de género en desempleo y participación laboral se redujeron en México. Para identificar los determinantes que permitieron dicha reducción, estimamos un modelo probit con datos de 2007 y 2017 de la Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo (ENOE), año en que la tasa de desempleo regresó a niveles precrisis. Los resultados sugieren que: el ingreso de mujeres entre 36 y 65 años al mercado laboral permitió el crecimiento general de la participación laboral femenil, la educación de las mujeres contrarresta cualquier característica individual o del hogar afectando negativamente su empleabilidad, y el acceso a estancias infantiles significativamente aumenta la probabilidad de que estén empleadas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[female labor force participation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gender gap]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[female education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[childcare services]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[J21]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[J22]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[O54]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[female labor force participation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gender gap]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[female education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[childcare services]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[J21]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[J22]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[O54]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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