<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0186-2391</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta pediátrica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta pediatr. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0186-2391</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0186-23912018000100072</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18233/apm1no1pp72-801542</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Generalidades de los estudios de casos y controles]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Overview of Case-Control Studies]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Garay]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiharu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Murata]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anzo-Osorio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García de la Puente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Pediatría  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>72</fpage>
<lpage>80</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0186-23912018000100072&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0186-23912018000100072&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0186-23912018000100072&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  ANTECEDENTES: los estudios de casos y controles son de utilidad cuando se buscan factores de riesgo para enfermedades poco comunes o que tienen un periodo de latencia prologado.  OBJETIVO: identificar las principales características del estudio de casos y controles (Ca-Co) para favorecer la disminución de sesgos durante su evaluación o conducción.  DESCRIPCIÓN: este diseño se caracteriza por la selección de sujetos con o sin el evento de interés. Éstos se comparan para identificar los factores de riesgo que favorecieron la presencia de este evento. La finalidad de este tipo de estudios es la de inferir una relación causal expresada mediante razón de momios y los intervalos de confianza al 95%.  CONCLUSIONES: el diseño de Ca-CO es relativamente fácil y rápido de realizar. Sin embargo, es susceptible a múltiples fuentes de sesgo, las cuales deben de ser minimizadas para obtener mayor confiabilidad de las inferencias obtenidas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  BACKGROUND: Case-control studies are useful for risk factors research, speacially for rare diseases or diseases with a prolonged latency period.  OBJECTIVE: To identify the main characteristics of the case-control study, in order to reduce bias during the study evaluation and/or conduction.  DESCRIPTION: This design is characterized by the selection of subjects with and without the event of interest and they are compared to identify risk factors in order to infer causal relationship, which is expressed, by odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals.  CONCLUSIONS: Case-controls studies are a relatively easy and quick design to perform. However, it is susceptible to multiple sources of bias, which must be minimized to obtain greater reliability in the obtained inferences.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudio de casos y controles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[razón de momios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[causalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cases-controls studies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[odds ratio]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[causality]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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