<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0186-2391</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta pediátrica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta pediatr. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0186-2391</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Pediatría]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0186-23912017000500317</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18233/apm38no5pp317-3211471</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Neumomediastino secundario a efecto Macklin. Reporte de un caso]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pneumomediastinum secondary to Macklin effect. Case report]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil-Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LE]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León-Aguilar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VH]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,aff1  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,aff2  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Servicio de Pediatría  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>317</fpage>
<lpage>321</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0186-23912017000500317&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0186-23912017000500317&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0186-23912017000500317&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El neumomediastino secundario es la presencia de aire en el espacio mediastinal procedente de bronquios, alvéolos o de una ruptura esofágica, que viaja a través de las vainas vasculares y los planos tisulares hacia el espacio mediastinal; puede ser categorizado como espontáneo, traumático o secundario. El neumomediastino secundario es considerado como una entidad poco frecuente en pediatría, de incidencia muy variable. En la edad pediátrica se asocia a crisis asmática y a infecciones de la vía respiratoria, traumatismos, vómitos, esfuerzos intensos, estados de ansiedad con hiperventilación y el consumo de drogas. Presentamos el caso de una niña de 4 años de edad previamente sana, con neumomediastino secundario; no se documentaron posibles mecanismos como traumatismo o procedimientos o instrumentaciones en el tórax en su fisiopatología, se asoció a un acceso de tos, con cuadro de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Se confirmo por radiografías de tórax y cuello. El cuadro fue de corta evolución y requirió breve tratamiento intrahospitalario. En la tomografía computada de tórax realizada al ingreso se observó el aire migrando por las vainas peribroncovasculares rumbo al mediastino (&#8220;efecto Macklin&#8221;).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Pneumomediastinum is the presence of air in the mediastinal space, originated in bronchi, alveoli or esophageal rupture, which runs through the vascular tissue pods and towards the mediastinal space. Pneumomediastinum is classified as spontaneous or traumatic. Secondary pneumomediastinum is considered an unusual entity in children, with very variable incidence. It is associated with acute asthma airway infections, trauma, vomiting, intense efforts, anxiety with hyperventilation and drug use. This is a case report of a previously healthy, 4 year old female toddler with secondary pneumomediastinum, without trauma or thoracic procedures or instrumentation in child's pathophysiology associated with cough, with community-acquired pneumonia. It was confirmed by chest and neck radiographs. The pathology was of short duration and required treatment during a short time in the hospital. According to the chest CT scan performed at admission, air was observed migrating from the perivascular bronchial sheaths to the mediastinum ("Macklin effect").]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neumomediastino secundario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[efecto Macklin]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reporte de caso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cough]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[secondary pneumomediastinum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Macklin effect]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[case report]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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